Michael Saylor - The Year In Review 2022.
Daniel Prince · 2022-12-20 · 1h 57m · View on YouTube →
all right we're back Michael welcome
back to the Once Bitten show Lauren
what'd you have to say
question is like it's not related to
bitcoin at all but uh it's a Christmasy
question so what is the best Christmas
kit gift you got
what in his life in his life okay
okay
it's really hard
a house full of family members showing
up to to spend the holiday with me
that's the best gift
that's cute yeah wait a minute you say
that's cute because Uncle Chad says that
but when I say things like that you say
things like I say my presence is your
presence
my presence what do you
um
you see it's about time Lauren it's
about time with loved ones and not the
little plastic things you read the
Grinch poem it's not about consumption
and plastic
yeah
Let's test that it's just Uncle Chad you
know one day you're gonna miss him yeah
I mean you'll be away with your friends
for a ski vacation Christmas you you'll
only miss him for a couple of minutes
but you will miss him and then you'll
get back to the skiing yeah yeah and
something will happen and then it will
click it's like ah the old man was
actually right about some things in life
or something's in life well let's see if
let's see Michael what do you think the
uh for those that are listening to the
podcast I'm wearing a t-shirt with the
HSBC logo on but underneath the acronym
is
hbdc any any idea what that might stand
for
I don't want to speculate
[Laughter]
why don't you enlighten me
Honey Badger Don't Care
okay I like it that that's that's what
we're all about isn't it Laura
do you have any more questions for for
Uncle Chad
so no no can I just say for the record
Lauren you're tall or you're growing out
of the frame
last time you were dead center and now
you're now Daniel has to keep adjusting
the camera up
so that's a good thing the first time
you spoke with uh with Michael wall you
were nine years old
yeah you were just about to turn ten and
now you're almost 12.
how much have you learned about Bitcoin
in those two years
well the amount of people I've met
you talk about all day
21 million
there you go Lauren keeps getting taller
and smarter Daniel and we stayed the
same
I would like to think we're getting
smarter as we go Michael but uh you know
all right well thanks do you want to say
good night then yeah
all right Michael how how have you been
I'm doing fine
should we do a little year a year in
review with uh yeah sure yeah uh why not
kick it off
um
what's been your your biggest uh
positive moment of 2022.
the positive of 2022. I I think
the the most positive thing of the year
is is
um the emergence of Bitcoin as the
institutional grade digital asset and
the clarity that has arrived
to the mainstream media and uh and to
institutions and to the government that
there's one crypto asset that's a
digital commodity
I think uh Bitcoin is that commodity at
this point it's been iterated by the
chair of the SEC and it is now just
iterated by the chair of the cftc
we saw a speech by the Secretary of the
Treasury Janet Yellen
um reciting the legend of Satoshi
we saw
the chair of the SEC sitting in a
cabinet meeting with with prop
Regulators from a dozen or more
different agencies
reciting the legend of Satoshi
we've seen
um we've seen senators
and Congress persons
referring to bitcoin and and the virtues
of decentralization
I think we've we went in two years from
uh from people on Twitter lamenting the
lack of mainstream coverage of Bitcoin
there was no coverage at all
to a point where we saw five stories in
a single day on the front page of the
Wall Street Journal and we saw stories
about the industry you know go to the
New York Times the journal Forbes
Fortune we saw the spin up of Bloomberg
crypto
um
so a lot of mainstream coverage the
legitimacy or the legitimization of the
asset class
uh it's clear that
there's been a lot of crypto Carnage and
a lot of broken glass and a lot of pain
for bitcoiners even more pain for for
non-bitcoiners or or crypto token people
right where they watch their Terra and
Luna go to zero and a lot of crypto
Banks close their doors and went to zero
so we have seen a a crash to zero of
lots and lots of things in the ecosystem
but
I think this is a necessary maturing
process for the industry and and the one
thing that I think is probably just the
most auspicious
is that there seems to be broad-based
consensus
on uh two things one thing that uh
digital assets are here to stay and that
the entire world needs to embrace
the crypto economy once one way or the
other
and the other thing is that the one
crypto commodity that exists in the
world that's universally agreed upon is
Bitcoin
so that being the case but Bitcoin is
the most stable thing in the universe
and and uh
if we're not Banning it then it's only
going to grow
okay and the biggest disappointment of
2022.
I mean the biggest disappointment is
just you know all all of the um
negative uh negative effects of having
the
crypto economy meltdown as we we knew it
was going to but but all of the people
in the Bitcoin industry they're doing
the right thing that are working to grow
the industry have been slimed by their
association with the rest of crypto
right it's like do Quan decides to buy
some Bitcoin and screws up the Bitcoin
Market by blowing up a 60 billion dollar
complex that's been a negative thing the
explosion of three arrows
and well I mean what really makes you
angry what makes you angry is
all the crypto uh Neo Banks and wildcat
banks that uh collected people's money
or into either got people's Bitcoin or
they got their money to buy Bitcoin and
then they either never bought the
Bitcoin or they bought the Bitcoin and
then Panic sold or or sold the Bitcoin
in a fire sale as they were being Force
liquidated
what really makes you angry when you
read about
you know say FTX that collected billions
and billions of dollars but never bought
the Bitcoin actually so
so um
why is this a problem if FTX stole
billions of dollars in a blocked by and
Voyager and three eras and and Celsius
and and Tara Luna if all of those
ecosystems basically collected people's
money and then lost all the money then
people that legitimately wanted to own
Bitcoin had their money stolen from them
so what you had was um you have you have
the very careful bitcoiners
that bought their Bitcoin and still have
their Bitcoin
and then you have a lot of a lot of um
more casual bitcoiners that maybe they
bought the Bitcoin and deposited in
Celsius to get some yield and now they
lost their Bitcoin and I think that
that's tragedy I mean it's it's bad for
them right it's it's it's awful for
anyone had their money stolen from them
and it's not good for Bitcoin because
billions and billions of dollars of
Bitcoin was uh stolen and slash
destroyed right that I send you 20
billion dollars to buy Bitcoin you take
the Bitcoin you steal the money and the
Bitcoin doesn't get bought
right or or I send you 20 billion worth
of bitcoin and then you loan it out to
someone that invested in Terra Luna and
Terra Luna goes to zero and then the
Bitcoin never comes back
you know and so what happened they
converted the Bitcoin into Terra Luna
or convert the Bitcoin into ftt or the
equivalent and then that went to zero
right so that kind of makes you mad
it's it's some somewhat tragic somewhat
it's irritating tragic it's not it's uh
it's not the finest moment for the
crypto industry and
you know you you would say you probably
shouldn't have trusted any of these
people but there are a lot of decent
people that did trust them right you got
a lot of uh a lot of crypto influencers
a lot of Bitcoin influencers and they
were sponsored by blockfolio and FTX and
Celsius and and some of the other other
players in the space if you're sponsored
by Voyager or
or
um or block fi or FTX and then someone
decided to use one of those
then they've suffered I think the uh you
know the the Gemini earned product right
where people actually bought Bitcoin
through Gemini and then they transfer it
to Genesis and Genesis generates yield
by maybe loaning it out to three arrows
and three arrows loses it and Genesis
can't pay you back and
you know that's that's uh you know a low
point in the industry a growing pain
it's a a brutally expensive Market
lesson
but it just reminds you of the
corrupting and influence of the industry
there are so many people
that are counterfeiting money
or they're just stealing the money and
the advantage is to the counterfeiters
right if it I think FTX
FTX um invested 5.6 billion dollars in
FTX Ventures they must have spent
another two billion dollars in marketing
and and or more in the two years so they
poured about seven and a half billion
dollars into the economy and they did it
by in essence counterfeiting 10 billion
dollars or more worth of tokens like ftt
and SRM and they boosted Solana and you
know they boosted maps and then they
went and they borrowed real money
you know they borrowed as much as they
could posting that collateral from
counterparties that you know like they
borrowed from block fi and you know
borrowed from Voyager and probably
borrowed from three arrows or they
borrowed from anybody that would have
made
um a loan to them
and uh and then they borrowed from their
own depositors at FTX
and of course they then raised billions
of dollars from outside investors and
they took all that money and they and
they in essence corrupted everybody they
could right so you give 45 million a
block right 45 million dollars to
uh what a handful of journalists what
could go wrong you know 15 million
dollars to you know to one influencer
who will remain nameless that everybody
knows and you know and then and then you
give it to every politician on both
sides of the aisle and then you give it
to
all of the academics I I think it'll be
probably three to five years
before we know the extent of that
corrupt money but I thought yeah I don't
think that there are many people that
weren't tainted they went to pretty much
every crypto influencer every journalist
every politician
every entrepreneur
everybody that they every educator
everyone that would take their money
you know every celebrity right so you
know just just about anybody that would
take their money they went to them and
you know if you read the ftdx ventures
spreadsheet it's like eight pages long
and they invested they invested
something in hundreds of things right
hundreds you know it's hard to figure
out who in the industry didn't end up
with some of that money so
the uh the counterfeiters have an
advantage in the war over the sound
money people right
no nobody's faking seven and a half
billion dollars of Bitcoin and using it
to tank politicians and taint the media
because it's seven and a half real
dollars right it's hard to come by that
money but if you just gin up seven and a
half billion dollars worth of you know
ftt token
right that's that's made up money I mean
Sam pretty much created that money in 12
months maybe 18 months Max
in order to create another billion
dollars he just needed to to manipulate
the price up three dollars a token how
hard is that not hard at all he
basically took the money from his own
customers off the exchange wash traded
it with himself manipulated the price up
three bucks declared a billion dollars
worth of earnings and they went and
spent it and how he spent any
he bought everybody so I I think
I think that's the debt that's the
negative I guess the positive is we got
lucky that FTX blew up because they were
very close to bribing you know or
corrupting the entire establishment
right we'll see just how far they got
but I mean some of the bills in Congress
they were driving to get
light regulation
in DC and then final crypto exchange
fees Into The Regulators in order to
addict them to more
counterfeit crypto money
so I think um I think it's been brutally
painful year
you know one of the more difficult years
but
um it is neces it's a necessary right of
passage
if the if the Regulators won't clean up
the industry right A lot of people a lot
of people I don't know for whatever
reason they think regulation's a bad
word but but if people are running
through your neighborhood you know
shooting the children and burning down
the houses and stealing your cars you
know and murdering your dog
you would say we're the police why don't
they show up you know and install some
water you know that the real issue here
is The Regulators need to enforce the
law
and what you've got is a lot of people
they're lying cheating and stealing and
The Regulators have been very slow very
kind of very slow very ineffective and
and and enforcing ethics and the law in
the industry for whatever reason
so the result is the market ends up
you know enforce again you kind of need
your own Vigilantes right so you end up
with the Bitcoin maximal is pointing out
the scams and the frauds and they stand
up and say look we're not we're just not
going to let you abuse people like that
and so that and they pay a personal
price to do it
but I think that happened and then
and then you have you know the the
order of nature right the natural result
which is
if if you insist upon acting
irrationally and irresponsibly
right long enough like
Sam basically gets high steals the
family car goes on a joyride 180 miles
an hour maybe the police didn't stop him
but he wrapped the Ferrari around the
tree
see like that's that's what happened
with FTX which is they took the car off
a cliff why because they were high and
they were going too fast
and so you know ultimately uh nature
heals itself
you would like for there to be Law and
Order
and if there was law and order it never
would have got this bad
but even if there isn't Law and Order I
mean eventually
um
play stupid games Win silly prizes right
when when do Quan issues 20 billion
dollars of UST and pays 20 interest he
took out a 20 billion dollar loan and
agreed to pay 20 interest so he had to
come up with 4 billion in cash a year
so okay so some you know some kid
in Singapore decides to borrow 20
billion to pay 4 billion cash a year and
his his idea for how he pays the the 4
billion is he's going to print his own
Luna token
okay so how long can you actually print
Luna token that gets converted to 4
billion in cash a year and it's like I
guess you can do it when it's two
billion dollar loan but when it became a
20 billion dollar loan you couldn't do
it so so what happened
everybody you know was kind of just uh
getting high on infinite Leverage
and there were no cops on the beat
right and uh they got out of control and
so as soon as there's a little bit of
pressure
the little pressure was
um was the uh the Federal Reserve funds
rate right if you if you look at what
really
catalyzed or tipped this off and we go
to you know one year the
the one-year yield
on a U.S treasury bill in the last 12
months went from 26 basis points
all the way up to
470 or 480 basis points
so as the free money environment started
to come out and you started you started
seeing some pressure on the entire
ecosystem the first thing to crap crack
was
Terra Luna and then the next thing to
crack was three arrows which was again
ridiculous leverage and then the three
arrows thing really mortally wounded all
the crypto hedge funds I think and it
mortally wounded Alameda but it took um
another three months before we saw that
filter and it's still filtering we're
still seeing the depths of that because
we're staring at Genesis wondering what
will happen with Genesis there's 34 days
or something since they've froze out or
locked their redemptions hmm
and for the Casual Observer what's
annoying right is the the Casual
Observer those people that might have
just been on the edge of Dipping their
toe in to read some extra articles about
you know Bitcoin rather than like the
the grander crypto kind of sphere they
they
we could have just knocked him back
three to five years
or even longer from even considering
touching uh an investment in Bitcoin
because they just lump Bitcoin in with I
mean the positive for us is it has been
defined
but in the mainstream media they're
still doing a not the best job of um you
know it's all click bait to get this uh
these heady headlines out like cryptos
dead Bitcoins dead and they're always
using Bitcoin as like the main depiction
for those clicks on their um you know
the incentive structure and the MSM
journalist world is still so
pause and and then we've got Greenpeace
you know wailing in on us to use uh
it's like the wild west you know I mean
you you want to go west for property
rights you go west and then there's the
Romantic notion that you've got freedom
but then some criminal shows up with a
gun and he shoots half the people in
town
okay that that didn't help
right that didn't accelerate the you
know the the adoption of the relation of
the West right the fact the fact that
one criminal out of a thousand can go
and shoot 20 decent people including the
town doctor right that didn't help so
um I think we've got the wild west and
you would say well if you if you wanted
a rational adoption and the smoothest
progression of virtuous technology it
would have been better with to have Law
and Order
and we've been lacking uh lacking a bit
of Law and Order in the past two years
and the absence of Law and Order what
you have is you have criminals that are
corrupting and bribing the media the
academics and the politicians and so
that's a setback and then you also have
criminals stealing people's money like
economically murdering people that's a
setback and uh you know but it's above
my pay grade right like I don't I'm not
the president United States
I'm not the head of the SEC or the cftc
uh I'm not uh I'm not going to throw
your hat in the ring
um
no I'm going to keep working for Bitcoin
I was gonna say I'm Gonna Keep the
Bitcoin job that's my day job and I'm
I'm okay with that
but you know I you know I get your point
um we can lament it would have been nice
if there was Law and Order as people
moved West
but you know there was some law and some
order and there's some Vigilantes and
occasionally the criminal comes into
town and everybody kind of gets together
and decides they need to push back on
the criminal and then
at some point somebody sets up and
steals a bunch of money and then people
don't trust that somebody and they shift
their trust to somebody else so I think
that the end
the
the future is Bitcoin and it's it's
obviously a volatile
path
to bitcoin
but we're moving in the right direction
Bitcoin is stronger today than it was
two years ago or four years ago or six
years ago or eight years ago
and I think you just got to keep your
head down nose to the grindstone and
move forward
and here we are you're you're two years
into your your first cycle
that's been a hell of a ride uh do you
want to you know chat about you know
your class of 2020 and um my goodness I
remember very very vividly the day that
microstrategy announced that the big
announcement that um you know you are
going to invest 50 million dollars into
uh into Bitcoin in that September I
believe the announcement was made
you can correct me if I am wrong
um but
we all we all we all get Bitcoin at the
price we deserve is the old saying I
like to tweak that at the time we
deserve maybe might be a nicer way to uh
to put it how
has that felt that there's two years of
roller coaster ride and um for those
plebs that are listening that might have
followed you in uh
even those that bought at 50 60 000 and
here we are sitting at sixteen thousand
what's the message to um to those people
out there
um I think you're just going to take the
Long View right I mean if if you have a
less than four year time Horizon you're
just a Trader you're just a Speculator
and uh if you
If You Think You're Gonna Hold Bitcoin
for four to ten years you probably
haven't you don't understand Bitcoin yet
you should probably go study it hard
right because
um I think once you understand Bitcoin
you know you gotta have a 10-year plus
time Horizon and and when you really
understand it you realize you should
have a 100 Year time Horizon
I could say
yeah you know damn first of all on the
on the cycle I feel like there were
three Cycles since August 2020 right I
mean Bitcoin ran up to about you know 60
000 it ran down to the 30s it ran up to
the 60s again it ran down
to the 30s again it ran up to 47 and we
thought it was headed north and and then
I think the FED started uh cranking on
the tightening and then it crashed down
right and then we thought we were going
back up again and then the FTX thing
happened and we got hammered again so so
you could think one to easily three
Cycles in uh 24 months
um
I I think uh
I mean that's a humbling experience I
didn't I probably underestimated to a
certain degree the volatility that we
were going to have
uh a year a year after I got into this
right I had a little uh debate at one
point with safety Dean on it he turned
out to be more right than I was he was
saying there's going to be a 75 drawdown
and I was like I don't I don't think
maybe it will but uh you know if safer
Dean's listening you were right uh so
congrats to you I don't I don't know if
we're happy about it but you're right
but uh
in any event uh I don't think it matters
at the end of the day right you've got
volatility as
um a digital monetary asset is you know
is coming to life and as we monetize
Bitcoin so
um
two thoughts one
I never really took a hundred year time
Horizon uh I never I never considered
investing in anything for a hundred
years before I discovered Bitcoin
if you had asked me you know in the year
2020 in March of 2020 is there anything
that you would invest in for a hundred
years is it even relevant to ask about
the uh the outlook for the asset in
multiple decades
I would have said you're crazy right you
don't know what Google's going to do in
a hundred years you don't know what
Apple will be I mean you don't know you
can't own that land for a hundred years
you don't you don't know anything really
you don't know that people will use
natural gas oil may be obsolete maybe
we'll use nuclear fusion so
I I would say there's a pretty good
pretty big inflection point that
eight billion people on the planet
had things they could invest in that had
a useful investment life of 10 20 30 40
years it used to be a long time frame
was 20 years
and it was only after discovering
Bitcoin that that
I started thinking different and and you
know
if you roll the clock back to like the
first podcast I I did after I bought
Bitcoin you know people ask me about
picking I said well I looked at it
versus gold
and I started analyzing it and I was
trying to figure out which one was
better because it was the question of do
I buy 500 million a Bitcoin or 500
million of gold
and once I you know read the Bitcoin
standard and I started understanding
stock to flow and I started thinking
about hardness of uh of a commodity
I realized well the half-life of gold is
35 years
if you keep uh if you keep increasing
the supply by two percent it's a 35-year
half-life and if and you know I I knew
enough of non-linear mathematics and
Engineering to see that uh that the ha
the stock to flow of Bitcoin is
effectively zero because because in the
limit as T goes to Infinity
the number is 21 million and in the
limit as T goes to Infinity the stock to
flow is infinity there there is no right
inflation and the limit
and you would understand that if you
studied calculus right I mean it's it's
freshman calculus right right the irony
of course is most economics isn't based
on calculus right I mean when's the last
time you saw an economist say well in
the limit as T goes to infinity or
demand goes to infinity or such such and
such and the limit this is the
equilibrium or this is the solution
so I just looked at that and I said well
yeah and the limit it's pretty clear
that Gold's got a half-life of 35 years
and Bitcoin has got a half-life of
infinity and if I just play it out for a
hundred years
well over the course of a hundred years
you know 100 million of Bitcoin is still
the you know the 100 million but the 100
million of gold has been cut in half
three times so you've got 12 million
equals so goals losing 88 percent of its
energy over 100 years Bitcoin is not
losing 88 of its energy and that makes
it 10x better
Okay so
why would you ever express an opinion
about anything looking out a hundred
years if you couldn't imagine it lasting
that long
and you know the useful life of a
company the average life of a company or
life expectancy a cup is like 20 25
years if it's a successful one if it's a
small company the the expected life is
five years
the expected life of a house or you know
or a building right is
not a hundred years there's no building
that a hundred years after it was built
is still usable without substantial
maintenance
so I think Bitcoin drew me in to
understand thinking hard about the
theory of property
like what what is the half-life of
something
well if if you want to understand it you
have to assume the maintenance costs so
if the maintenance cost of owning a you
know a residential property in Florida
is two percent taxes and another two
percent a year in utilities and upkeep
and insurance then that's four percent a
year so that means that means in essence
the half-life is four divided into 70.
so call it you know
16 17 years or something
okay so so the half-life of residential
property in Florida 17 years the
half-life of you know to calculate the
half-life of a commercial office
building you would have to do some kind
of triple net thing where you look at
the rents and then you
you know you subtract the taxes the
insurance the the utilities cost the
depreciation of the building and you
could maybe come up with some useful
Half-Life but what you can see of course
is
is uh it has some expense and and
there's some challenge to operating it
so I think Bitcoin really drives you to
think about the theory of property and
it drives you to think about the theory
of money and uh when you finish you
realize that all the money you ever had
was defective
and all the property over how you ever
had has a a shorter half-life
especially once you
once you factor in all of uh the natural
maintenance costs and the risk factors
and this is where most people don't do
this very well
for example um what's how do you
calculate
um whether you want a positive or
negative yield on um
alone to Celsius that pays you
six percent right if I give my Bitcoin
to Celsius or block fine they pay me six
percent well that's like I'm getting
paid six percent rent but then what's
the real cost of the investment
and the cost of the investment is
they might just take the money and never
get back to you so how do you assess
that well if you think that that once in
50 one in 50 or once in 50 years they'll
fail then that's two percent a year is
uh the cost of capital
uh but
then you have to put the risk-free cost
to Capital on top of it so if I had a
million dollars in the current
environment uh I could go and get four
4.5 interest from the US government
on a one-year Bond
so the risk-free cost to capitalist 450
basis points then if you think it's
going to fail once in 50 years it's six
it's 200 basis points more so not 650
basis points but now you now you
actually got to consider the tax
so the tax
uh the top the after tax benefit you
have from making the loan
is uh you know maybe get paid six and a
half percent interest then your tax rate
is 33 so you're you're basically getting
like four 400 basis points after tax
and now I have to compare that to
you know what what have you taken right
I guess
I guess the point is if you think that
the firm might fail in 30 years
right then the counterparty risk is
equal to the after-tax return if it
fails once every 30 years
and um and the real problem of course is
you could have got you know 300 basis
points after tasks yield risk-free
if you just put it with the federal
government so
what does that mean ultimately it means
that that you're basically taking on
twice as much cost
as you're getting yield
if that firm fails every 30 years which
means that you know another way to get
isn't it kind of ironic that you get to
a conclusion the half-life of your money
invested in the Celsius bank is 30 years
if it fails once every 30 years right
does that make sense or something like
that right right I mean but of course we
know that the the risk is much greater
right the risk is not not they're going
to fail every 30 years how about every
10 years not even that they didn't even
last five years
so but but if you thought they were
going to fail every 10 years then you
would have had to put 10 percent
on top of that and what you would have
realized is that that uh you're taking
on in essence people are picking taking
on a 30 percent counterparty risk per
year
in order to get paid six percent
or in order to get paid four percent
after tax
they took a thirty percent risk
which meant that they were they were
basically buying a negative yielding
minus 26 percent yielding thing
most likely
although I don't know if many people
even lost it three years
right if the real risk was they would
blow up within one cycle which is 36
months
then you had a counterparty risk of 33
percent
against an after-tax yield of three
so
I think um
I think the reason to study Bitcoin is
because if you study Bitcoin deeply
enough
you would be able to articulate all the
defects of money like the fact that
there's a 34 percent negative real yield
or 30 percent negative real yield on
owning the peso
right yeah if you understand that if you
understand there's a 30 negative real
yield owning the peso then you
understand currency and money if you
understood that there was a 30 negative
real yield uh invest putting money in
Block fi
or an FTX or a Voyager or Celsius
then you understand
um
banking
if you understand
if you understand the risk of investing
in Snapchat or Facebook
or Alibaba or or the like owning an
equity
right yeah now you are now you know why
they're public companies and you have to
read the disclosures but of course
if you bought ftt token you bought an
unregistered security so you bought a
you bought a private Equity token
without a disclosure
whatever the risk of owning a public
Equity like
apple or Microsoft or Amazon or the like
and Amazon's down 50 for the year right
whatever that risk is the risk of owning
a private Equity token is 10x that
so when you put a million dollars into
ftt token
right you're looking at something like a
negative real yield of 40 50 percent
there was a
you know there's a one-third or one-half
chance that was going to zero within 24
months within the cycle
right but you didn't figure that out
because you didn't study Bitcoin right
sure
right who in their right mind would own
ftt token right
someone that doesn't understand uh
Securities right
right and of course a lot of people the
crypto industry don't right whenever we
say you know these are unregistered
Securities all the crypto people say
what does that matter what's with these
stupid Securities laws
right what's with the stupid security
remember certain famous influencers this
stupid SEC law from 1933 right it's like
well why do those laws exist well they
exist so that the Sam bankman Freeds of
the world can't print their own token do
Insider wash trading manipulate the
price up to eight billion dollars
and then tank it to zero overnight that
that's why the laws exist
he could have never operated The
Exchange Alameda would be out of
business FTX would be out of business
and the ftt token would be out of
business if they had actually had to
file a registration statement with the
SEC
because those were all Insider conflicts
of interest and there's nothing nothing
ethical or legal about any of it right
and so they they couldn't have done it
and so the reason that it makes sense to
file registration statements and take
equities public is is in order to in
order to avoid these kind of FTX ftt
frauds that basically destroyed people
now there's a big um
there is a stigma attached to related
party transactions in uh public
companies
rightfully so
because Alameda was a related party to
FTX and ftt was a related party
so Sam bankman freed is the issuer ftt
is the owner of Alameda a hedge fund and
is the operator and and owner of FTX
those were three related parties
the reason that there's a stigma is if
you take if you took FTX public
and you said by the way FTX accepts ftt
which is a related party issue token
and it and it uh it does business with
Alameda
the question that a skeptical investor
would have is
well since the same person controls all
three is it possible that he actually
wired the systems to give himself an
advantage and and if it turns out that
Alameda has a billion dollar trading
loss Will Sam bankman free the CEO of
FTX liquidate Alameda in order to
protect the interest of the other
customers or will Sam not liquidate them
to protect his own interests he has a
conflict of interest and we know how the
story ends
by the way the other question would be
since Sam has uh billions of dollars
eight billion dollars worth of FTE token
will Sam the CEO of a bank issue credit
against the eight billion dollars of the
token that he issued himself and give
himself preferential treatment
uh or will there be an arms link
transaction so here's the instant
question Daniel if if you were an arms
length if this was an arms-length
relationship and there was a
disinterested Financial executive
running FTX how much credit do you think
they would have extended Alameda for
eight billion dollars of ftt token
nowhere near what they did
yeah we know we know they gave them
billions and billions of dollars of
credit right maybe up to 10 billion
dollars of credit well how much did you
get as a Bonafide microstrategy CEO when
you were in the market trying to raise
cash right that that there's the direct
comparison that we can use
yeah
if if I were to go to a bank and say I
have some locked microstrategy stock
will you loan me money against it they
would say no zero
foreign
if I went to them zero right uh the the
answer by the way to the question is a
disinterested CEO of a crypto bank that
was
um honest and competent
would have lent Alameda somewhere
between zero dollars
and 10 million dollars right
yeah like like the number is not one
order of magnitude less it's not even
two orders of magnitude less right it's
somewhere in the range of three orders
of magnitude less if you were honest and
competent you would basically say well
what is five percent of the honest
trading liquidity in the token
if the thing trades 100 million a day
but 80 million is washed trading there's
20 million a day well how much of that
is trading on another exchange not your
own oh 3 million a day okay so three
million dollars of this stuff trades on
on another exchange is that can I trust
that one no they're not none of them are
regulated okay how much trades you know
on any regulations well of course none
of it right but but let's say I threw
out the issue of a regulated transparent
exchange I just said well how much
trades on how much trades on an exchange
other than one you own
10 million
okay I'll give you 10 percent of that
I'll give you one million dollars of
collateral value
okay how much could you borrow against a
million in collateral
well the max is fifty percent loan to
value five zero so I will give you a 500
000 loan against eight billion dollars
of ftt token that's the right answer if
you're honest
and competent
so obviously that didn't happen the
reason it didn't happen is because you
had you had uh three related parties
all terminating with one boss and the
one boss was not honest
not competent
and and uh not disinterested right a
biased dishonest incompetent person
okay what could go wrong
well when you when you have three
related parties and and a biased
incompetent
dishonest person the what can go wrong
is the entire thing gets burned to zero
and is that likely yes highly likely
it's it's not even just what could go
wrong it's highly likely that's the
reason there's a stigma attached to
related party transactions you would
never want the CEO of a bank to be
issuing loans
to a private company that they owned
right I mean like if it turned out that
the CEO of JP Morgan was issuing billion
dollar loans to you know to Jamie Dimond
you know real estate development company
jointly owned with him and his wife
right people would just lose it yeah
for obvious reasons
so what I can't figure out this part of
the story is
the SEC
they knew like that that there's
documented meetings between Sam and uh
and I believe genzel himself if not some
of his team
what were they sitting on I can't figure
that out for the life first of all I
have I haven't no one is credibly
documented that there were meetings we
know that there was a calendar entry
where someone that worked for
Gensler might have had a meeting but we
don't know so we're waiting for
verification on that okay I I think I've
I've read that there were many many more
meetings with the cftc than the SEC and
many many more with politicians but we
don't know the content of any of those
meetings no one has made that public
but what is your question
where were the Regulators it seems to me
as though
you said it before they were were they
sitting on their hands did they know is
there more to this story it seems like
they just don't really want to they they
don't feel that they have the authority
to regulate offshore entities
right I mean that's been the big blind
spot
because he had it all registered in the
Bahamas
right I mean FTX was was in the Bahamas
and so I there's this um
there's this vacuum of power right a
Grace what what a blind spot where the
U.S Regulators don't feel like they have
authority to regulate offshore entities
and the action they've taken has been
via VIA in civil enforcement actions
which are very slow and very expensive
might take years and years and years and
so they have basically
they have pursued a you know a number of
entities
via civil enforcement slowly but they
haven't really uh they haven't laid out
any Global framework for digital assets
and they haven't pursued offshore
entities they haven't even really
pursued onshore entities that
aggressively
so there's been a lack of you know a
lack of effective
enforcement I think you could say
and a question about who should take
leadership of it but
you know Congress has been mired they
haven't passed a law they couldn't pass
a stable coin law they haven't passed it
there is no law or Clarity with regard
to
how do you register a digital commodity
how do you register a digital security
how do you register a digital currency
how do you register a digital token
right there there's not even a
definition in law of what is a Digi if I
said define a digital token digital
security digital commodity and digital
uh currency it'd be hard to get people
to define it
I think there'd be a lot of debate
about people not even understanding it
right I bet you I bet I bet you
um we can't get people to agree for
example you think people will agree on
the difference between a digital
security and a digital token what's the
difference
but it's not well understood there's no
taxonomy
a lot of people think Bitcoin is a
digital currency but in fact it's really
more a digital commodity
tether and circle should be thought of
as digital currencies
I I can't tell you why we don't have a
clear regulatory regime I can't tell you
why because that's politics it's above
my pay grade I mean somewhere between
the administration the SEC the cftc
Congress and the Senate and Treasury
they they could determine why there's a
lot of moving Parts there right as well
there's so many different incentives and
people you know very
it easily coerced in some
departments maybe does it does it remind
you it reminds me a little bit of um
what we saw back in 08 or leading up to
a 08 where the um the ratings agencies
were you know Behaving Badly to put it
in uh
in basic terms
um
I I guess that there's always there's
always government you know interagency
struggles and there's partisan struggles
and and and there's struggles between
the industry and between the regulators
and so we had some of all of that and
there's just a there's a lot of
different agendas there's a lot of money
that's uh that's circulating to
influence the agendas and so
so it's not new right I mean you can
find uh examples of these squabbles in
every industry every decade for hundreds
and hundreds of years as long as until
you don't have history
as long as there's good history you'll
be able to read about it debate it
I I think that um it's not that
constructive for us to discuss why we
don't have it let me why don't we just
talk about what we what we
should have right I have a constructive
suggestion right yep um I don't know how
we get there but
but um if you wanted the industry to
grow if you said what's best for the
civilization
what's you know let's start with what's
best for the human race
for all eight billion people and then we
can talk about what's best for the
United States or what's best for any
given industry right but let's talk
about what's best for the human race
to harness the power of technology in
order to create abundance in order to
reduce friction in order to improve
efficiency in order to improve
productivity that's what's best for the
human race so how do you do that with
digital assets I think the um
the thing to focus upon is what are the
virtues and they're not that hard to
figure out here are the virtues
it's virtuous
um it's virtuous to be able to trade an
asset 24 7 365 friction free between 20
billion computers and 8 billion mobile
phones
that's virtuous if I if I can actually
move money between here and South Africa
on Saturday afternoon
that's virtuous so digital exchanges are
virtuous if you do 24 7 365. you know on
NASDAQ you can't sell your Apple stock
but on coinbase or binance you can sell
something on Saturday afternoon so
that's a priority it's pretty obvious
that there's a benefit of 24 7 365
service a digital Exchange
the second thing that's virtuous is um
is digital peer-to-peer transactions the
ability to bypass the exchange and for
me to actually send twenty dollars to
you without going through coinbase or
binance
without going through any any uh trusted
third party or having the choice of any
of ten thousand third parties right
choice right and and so peer-to-peer
transaction is virtuous the ability to
self-custody is virtuous
it's valuable to be able to hold your
Bitcoin on your Hardware wallet or in
your head
but one could say it's also equally
valuable to be able to hold a hundred
dollars
or a million pesos right so or or well
why not why stop there why not be able
to hold your Apple stock
on your Hardware wallet right why not be
able to hold a bond why can't you
actually carry your you know New York
Municipal Bond
in your Hardware wallet so
self-custody of assets is a third virtue
the fourth virtue would be the existence
of digital commodities
why can't I have
um a digital commodity uh that is um
that I can solve custody and Bitcoin is
the greatest of digital Commodities but
the ability to create any digital
commodity
in theory you could create China coin
Daniel and China coin would be
um Bitcoin Fork that you can um mine in
in China and then you can hold as a
Chinese citizen
now
would that be good for Chinese citizens
yeah if it's illegal for them to own
Bitcoin but it's legal for them to own
China coin it would still be better for
Chinese citizens
it's kind of like
um like uh if I live in China I can't
necessarily own land in United States
but that doesn't mean I shouldn't be
able to own land in China right you see
right uh and um
and if I have uh Google in the United
States and I can Google things but it's
illegal to Google in China it's still
not a bad idea to have a search engine
in China
right so it's it's not the best thing in
the world but for 1.5 billion people in
China if the choice was to give them a
digital commodity
not Bitcoin
or give them nothing
I would still give them a digital
commodity not Bitcoin you could do the
same trick with the Canada coin you
could if the Canadians said well you can
mine Canada coin using Hydro power on
the St Lawrence uh Seaway and there's no
capital gains tax and no property tax on
Canada coin
and you can trade it freely and uh you
know maybe there's no state tax either
and there's no inheritance tax on it
if you're Canadian you might say hey
Canada coin that's it sounds like a not
a bad idea now if you're a bitcoiner you
would say Oh Canada coin that's garbage
coin because you know I'd much rather
own Bitcoin that's true
but um I I don't want to own a cabin in
Canada but if you live in Canada you
would probably think that the cabin in
Canada is okay now it's impaired
property because you can't move it
outside of Canada right
but just because it's impaired property
doesn't mean that it isn't property and
uh and so so there's a family of digital
Commodities you could create uh that
would be good for the human race it's
not as good as if we abolished nation
states and abolish taxes and abolished
you know uh property tax and abolished
income tax and abolished inheritance tax
and abolished border controls and
abolished you know asymmetric rules I
get it right I mean in a perfect world
we've got Bitcoin no nation states and
you know and Mana from falls from heaven
right but I'm not expecting to live in a
perfect world in the next 30 Years so in
the next 30 Years in a world of nation
states
you could imagine digital Commodities
circulating of which the greatest the
greatest Global digital commodity is
Bitcoin and look if someone wants to
create if they want to create a Dogecoin
that inflates at five percent a year I I
don't want it right but but the point is
like it's it's a commodity it's not a
scarcity
right Bitcoin is a scarcity because it
doesn't inflate at five percent a year
it's capped absolutely
you know like do you want to own oil or
natural gas
um there are people that make money
owning it because there's demand in the
near term but the problem is you can't
stop anybody from creating more energy
and so therefore it's commodity is not
scarcity
you think about it
you're like okay well maybe there's
something there and you know maybe maybe
Apple computer will create some kind of
coupon that's like some quasi digital
commodity that's not as good as Bitcoin
but it's better than
the alternative and and it'll flourish
for a while
so having the ability to register a
commodity would be useful
um
the the next thing is a digital currency
it'd be you know the world does want
dollars they want a trillion dollars
worth of dollars they want them in
Africa and Asia and China and so if you
were able to legitimize Circle or
legitimize tether and and uh
allow other Banks or other issuers that
are trustworthy issues some sort of
digital currency then I think that
market would grow by a factor of a
hundred it would explode
and is that a good thing yeah it's good
for the world because now now I can
actually carry cash around on my Android
phone
and make a cash payment in dollars
and I can do it in a split second
whereas you know right now I can't how
do I get access to it so uh that would
be a good thing and then I think uh
digital Securities would be a good thing
I don't know that I like all the crypto
tokens out there like I don't want ftt
as a digital security but but what about
Apple stock as a digital security
what if you could actually buy a hundred
shares of Apple stock hold it on your
iPhone or Android phone and transfer it
on Saturday afternoon you know and maybe
someone wants to give you yield on it or
you want to borrow against your Apple
stock right now you can borrow against
Apple stock but only from a small cartel
of banks
and they control the interest rate and
they control the custody of it you can't
self-custody Apple stock there isn't any
open there's no Global Market in either
loans or yield on Apple stock
it is a a controlled market right so you
have an oligarchy you have a 20th
century traditional Finance system that
controls a hundred trillion dollars of
securities
all of them all the stocks all the bonds
Etc they're all stuck in the 20th
century system and it stops working at 4
pm in the afternoon it starts working at
9 30 a.m in the morning and it doesn't
work on bank holidays right so
so digital Securities would actually be
good for the human race I mean if if
it's good to self-custody or Bitcoin why
wouldn't I want a self-custody ten
thousand dollars one thousand pesos 10
shares of Apple stock
you know maybe I want to self-custody
two ounces of a gold token
right I mean it's like it's it is a
thing what what if I wanted to
self-custody uh 10 000 barrels uh of a
oil token right maybe you just want
to hold forever no to speculate on the
price of oil yes
I want to buy 10 000 barrels of oil to
speculate on and I want to send it to my
friend and take self-custody of it
because I don't trust my oil derivatives
and I don't want to go through some ETF
right so
so those are all just examples of
digital securities
and then uh and then the other uh
interesting idea which is it's not a bad
idea it's just been unethically
irresponsibly implemented is the nft
thing
like a token like I I don't know I mean
non-fungible token how about just token
like if you're a celebrity let's say
you're Tom Brady and you want to issue
Tom Brady token and the dla or Katy
Perry token
the deal is I'm going to sell 10 000 of
them they're going to cost ten thousand
dollars each
I'm going to raise a you know whatever
10
000 tokens at a thousand each is 10
million so I'm gonna raise a hundred
million dollars
I'm going to sell a hundred million
dollars worth of superfan tokens
right and uh what do they give you a
right to well I've got like this private
spaces and you have to have the token to
get into spaces and to get my chat you
need the token and if you have the token
you can get backstage passes to any of
my concerts
or you can come to my meet and greet
after the football game and then once a
year I have a barbecue
you know and and uh and if you have my
token and you post it uh and then you
comment on my Twitter I'll respond to
you and like your tweets
because you're one of my super fans
right
okay and uh if you want to you can sell
the token uh and when you sell the token
I get 10 of the capital gain
and so the incentive is for Madonna or
Katy Perry or you know Phil pick your
favorite celebrity or artist or actor
the incentive is for them to be really
cool with their 10 000 super fans
and the drive the hundred million
dollars worth of tokens up to be worth a
billion dollars
you know like I there are people that
pay ten thousand dollars to get a front
row ticket
to a concert or go to a certain event
people paid ten thousand dollars to go
to the Vanity Fair party so they could
rub up against a star a Starlet right
they just they would pay that much
somebody paid what millions of dollars
to have lunch with Warren Buffett
right
okay so um the the reason that there's
so much enthusiasm for some of these
crypto token things was was artists want
to own their brand and celebrities want
to own their brand what's wrong with
with you know the artist formerly known
as Prince
he changed his name and wrote slave on
his forehead because he was so angry at
the music label the record labels
because he felt like they had stolen his
brand and they had rights to all of his
intellectual property and he felt kind
of enslaved by them via contract
so what's wrong with giving a musician
their brand back what's what's wrong
with giving the creators the ability to
monetize their their Fame if you were to
show up to a party
or a charity event and you found out
that everybody at the event paid two
thousand dollars a ticket just to show
up because you were going to be there
and there's a promoter that made three
million dollars that night
and you got paid none of it or you got
paid twenty thousand or fifty or
whatever you'd be kind of irked like why
is it that the promoters and the labels
make all the money and I don't I can't
make all the money and my family's
starving or you know I got kids to feed
or I
I got I got my own issues and they just
seem to be writing on my tail
right this this irks people right so
if you created a digital token and if uh
a hundred thousand creators could issue
their own token it would catalyze a new
economy the problem and and this is what
the crypto people have tapped into the
problem is
there's no way to do that in a in a
legitimate ethical fashion so they fall
into the clutches of the crypto
operators right who who kind of
victimize them
so
um and and you can't just take yourself
public like if you want to take a
company public
here's the problem with that
it would cost you about 25 million
dollars worth of lawyering and
accounting
to get ready to go public and it would
cost you five to ten million dollars a
year to make all the filings to stay
public
so you know it's going to be a hundred
million dollars worth of cost and you
need a full-time staff of 25 people
you know some some large thing it
doesn't make sense for 500 rock stars
and 187 chest streamers
you know what if we want these people on
Twitch or YouTube and you're attract you
know your your Hikaru Nakamura right and
you're streaming chess and everybody
wants to be a Hikaru fan and so you want
to buy the hakaru token
that guy doesn't want to take himself
public so so there ought to be a
difference between taking a company
public and issuing a token and here's
the other problem Daniel
and this is the big this is the place
where I sympathize with uh the crypto
entrepreneurs and the CR and the digital
assets Community
um
even if you took yourself public even if
you had uh Daniel Prince coin
and you want to take yourself public and
make all the disclosures it's still
illegal to trade 24 7 365 on a crypto
Exchange
like mstr stock is public there are
thousands of pages of disclosures every
quarter we actually we actually make
more disclosures we have a never-ending
stream of 8ks and 10ks and 10 Qs and
form fours where everything is
transparent you still can't trade mstr
on a crypto Exchange
you see there so so what do we have
we have a potential World here's the
progressive world
um a million creators issue a million
digital tokens a hundred thousand
issuers create digital Securities for a
hundred thousand digital skills
including uh including apple and Amazon
and Twitter even Elon must need to do
this he needs to take Twitter public in
order to pay the bill right so Elon
might turn around and and retake it
public in order to raise the money to
pay his bills right so so there's a
there's a time when
you want to issue these kind of
securities
then uh you know there's a market for
some amount of digital currencies I
don't know how many but certainly one
one or multiple per every
fiat currency unit and there's a 180
Fiat currencies you need at least 180
digital tokens to represent the currency
you probably need three to five in order
to create competition
so that's a that's a thousand right
there so you could have a thousand
digital currencies
you could have uh you should have at
least one digital commodity Bitcoin the
global scarcity
but you know if
you know if there's another one if China
is not going to allow Bitcoin and they
issue China coin I'm still I'm still in
favor of other digital Commodities as a
benefit to the people
and um
and then uh you need some digital
exchanges and you need of course the
entire ecosystem of uh Hardware wallets
and and wallets and custodians so that
people can hold all these digital assets
and self-custody them and then secure
them with multi-factor Authentication
so I've just described the grand digital
assets economy that would have hundreds
hundred trillion dollars worth of assets
and hundreds of thousands or millions of
digital Assets in that economy
and the benefit is
um
is World Trade 8 billion people can
trade with each other friction free we
cut we cut you know cross-border or
mittens down we open up the global
economy so everyone everyone can freely
Swap all of their currencies and all
their assets low friction we we Empower
people with more sovereignty
right if you believe in sovereignty and
you can hold you can hold 22 different
Assets in your Hardware wallet instead
of one that's more sovereignty not less
sovereignty until every corporation
disappears
and every nation state disappears
there's a legitimate reason for
currencies and securities to exist
you follow me yeah right if if there's a
government in China and there's a
government in the U.S there's going to
be a currency for China and the U.S and
if there's Apple and Google there's
going to be an equity for Apple and
Google and if you believe in a world
where there are companies creating your
food and creating products for you and
in a world where there are governments
then there's going to be Securities and
there's going to be currencies
and if you believe in a world where
artists and creators can own their own
brand
there should be tokens
for them so they can have some some you
know how can you believe in sovereignty
for yourself and then believe that Katy
Perry shouldn't be able to you know own
some of herself right why is it that um
why should Apple and Google get all the
money off of Katy Perry's art
right because because it's getting
monetized on Apple music or Amazon music
right
so so ultimately if you believe in
Freedom
why not let the artist own their art why
not let the companies own their Equity
why not let the countries own their
currency why not let the Commodities be
commodities
and if you can create another commodity
more power to you but you know I I like
the one we've got and then why don't you
let honest actors freely trade those
things in exchanges why don't you let
Banks form that will give you loans
against those assets and give you yield
on those assets
but um
some will be transparent some will be
opaque some will be offshore some might
be D5 some might be C5 you know do you
trust JP Morgan
for some things I trust them for other
things maybe you don't trust them right
but
um
but that's that's a progressive world of
digital assets and you would create a
lot of prosperity if you did that that's
that's the best case the only way that's
going to happen
is if The Regulators in the United
States uh lay out a framework of digital
assets and they lay out a registration
process by which you can get your token
security
um commodity or currency registered
and then they lay out some rules of the
road for exchanges to trade those things
and what the disclosures are
and you you know you would like to think
that
for less than a million dollars you
could find a way to issue an ethical
token and for you know 10 million
dollars you could issue an ethical
digital security and for Less you know
for less than 10 million dollars you
could find a way to to issue or prove
you've got a digital commodity
and uh and you could issue a digital
currency uh and there's restrictions and
rules of the road and laws
and if there were thou would Channel all
of human Ingenuity and investment
into uh rationally creating new products
and good ones would prosper
like like let's let's pick the story of
like two musicians one musician issues a
token and they issue ten thousand or or
a thousand and then they actually have
meetups every month and they they treat
their fans well and
all the token insurers go backstage and
people love that musician and the token
actually goes up in value but the other
musician issues ten thousand tokens and
then they issue a hundred thousand more
and they never hosted an event and then
they stopped playing music and retire to
just get drunk and live the rest of
their life and squalor and that token
crashes right because that's an example
of a poorly run
uh token operation and the other one was
a well-run token operation you know the
same thing happens with companies right
in one company issues too much stock and
then its earnings go to zero it loses
money and the stock crashes it goes to
zero another company runs itself well
and the stock goes to the sky
the same story happens with countries
and currencies one country issues a
currency and they run the country well
and they deregulate the market and
people move to that country and the
economy grows and the currency stays
strong
not as strong as Bitcoin but strong and
the other country issues too much
currency inflates the currency makes
stupid rules passes all sorts of laws
and Restraint of trade puts up huge
tariffs
puts up huge Capital controls abuses
their citizens the currency goes to zero
think Zimbabwe
right
I just described ways that Nations can
rise or fall a ways that artists can
rise and fall ways that companies can
rise and fall
right if you want a commodity then it's
got to be a community an ideology you
know slash you know slash movement if
you will and if it is corrupt
think about all the Bitcoin Forks the
ones that were corrupted failed right
if it's corrupt or it's stupid
then it will fail
and if it's virtuous
and and uh rational it will succeed
you know I I cryptos are like religions
and I've said it before and I don't I
don't think it's prejudicial to say that
you've got plenty of religion through
the history of mankind their ideologies
and people join the join the ideology
because they believe it and they get
value from it
and if you think about the ideologies
that lasted a thousand years
the ones that you know were virtuous and
had good values tended to grow and
prosper and the ones that were corrupt
run by demagogues you know that were not
virtuous who were full of Vice tended to
crash and burn
and you don't believe me go study the
history of religion you'll find that 99
of them fail over the course of a
hundred years
99.99
fail over the course of a few thousand
years
and so ideologies will lift or or
destroy a commodity
companies will destroy the Securities or
or Elevate them
and the tokens will live or die with the
celebrity
you know and uh
they are what they are and and uh I
think that
you've got three different regulatory
regimes you've got the current regime
which is a bit passive aggressive
um and uh chaotic
that's where we're living right now
in that regime uh there is only one Safe
Haven the only thing you can do safely
and ethically in the current status quo
is is by Bitcoin
own Bitcoin
Bitcoin is is universally acknowledges
the commodity there's no way to get
anything else acknowledged as a
commodity or a security or trade it or a
currency right so so we're we're in a
current environment where the only path
forward is Bitcoin
that's the positive the negative is it's
a bumpy path because everything else is
chaos
right and and uh opaque
and you're just and it's a wild west
the um the second regulatory environment
would be
um a regressive regulatory environment
that's clear that would be an
environment where you could own maybe
six currency tokens
a handful of commodity tokens and you'll
have a dozen or two dozen tokens trading
on exchanges and that's it
maybe they'll let Circle you know Circle
uh you know circulate right if they like
it if it's a if it's a company that's
regulated that issue maybe paxos okay I
can use I can circulate Pax gold Pax
dollar Circle Bitcoin
and then we'll have a debate about
whether or not is a Litecoin or or some
kind of
some kind of proof of work token is it a
commodity if so then then that's the
regressive environment a very small
environment in that case you can own a
few more things but of course the only
thing that looked really good is Bitcoin
and the rest are kind of just trading
tokens
the currencies would be used for
remittances
that's a net plus
right it's it's still a benefit right
you still have a trillion dollars worth
of U.S dollar coin and you could
circulate that to China and Africa and
South America and Asia and it would be a
net plus circulating on the lightning
network and on centralized Networks
and custodial Network so there's
something there
uh the third regime the best regime
would be a progressive digital assets
regime where we Define digital tokens
digital Securities digital currencies
digital Commodities digital exchanges
and we allow hundreds of assets and then
thousands of assets
and then 10 000 of us assets and then
hundreds of thousands of assets to
circulate friction free
peer-to-peer via exchanges via open
protocols like lightning via custodial
protocols
you know like binance or coinbase or or
block or cash app
right that's that's the best the only
way that's going to happen is uh if some
combination of regulators and policy
makers in DC get together
and they put forth that framework
and we will see right I'm not expecting
it in the next 12 months based on what I
see it seems to me like we're more
likely stuck in scenario one which is
you know
chaos
it's it's interesting chaos Wild West
and passive aggressiveness for the next
12 months because because there is no
queer path forward oh so known as clown
world uh yeah the what what is good to
see like um there is there is a musician
out there on uh in a musician pleb who
is just releasing his money value for
Value via Fountain app uh so you can go
and listen to his music and you are
streaming him set so he's never going to
get tied up into you know these
contractual obligations that that Prince
had to and George Michael you know the
two great examples of time passed
um and they could just do that with
Bitcoin and they won't have to issue
their own token and spend all that money
on legal fees and whatever else to to
ethically I get that but but but to be
clear though uh that clearly is a it's a
safe haven but it's it it's not a
digital security or a digital token or a
digital currency and so so you could do
the same thing by simply selling your
own app on the Apple Store and telling
people download the app and pay a dollar
a month to get your music so there are
plenty of ways to monetize or monetize
content right now
and uh and you're talking about using
micro payments
to support things I I think it's a
totally different subject which is which
is under what circumstances will micro
payments be successful
right but it's not the same as what I
described
right like I I would think that for
example um
Katy Perry uh is probably not going to
rely upon you know streaming SATs and
micro payments it'd be great if if she
did but but there's a lot of impedance
there right now and we would need to we
need to this is what we need to do Mike
we need to orange pill Katy Perry to
make another album and only sell that
album in Bitcoin so then she forces 100
million people to go out and at least
exchange 10 to 12 worth of bitcoin so
they can have their first touch point
so they can buy her album
it's interesting idea but yeah it's a
different idea it's it's a heavy lift
yes well nobody left it's very it's very
difficult now we're back to this issue
of
you know it's Bitcoin a currency or is
it um is it a property
or an asset and the and the problem
is
99.99 of the world's systems are wired
uh to pay you in the currency
so so if you look at cross-border medium
of exchange it's all the dollar and so
you you know you can't even sell
something in Yen right if you lived in
Japan and you wanted to sell somebody to
an American and you said pay me and Yen
people would bulk so you're gonna lose
99 of your audience when you actually
put that impedance in front of people
and um but you'll get those 10 000 super
fans
no you won't the point you don't think
so you won't you won't get the 10 000
super fans if your fan base is already
100 million
it's a different idea right I mean a
digital token is the idea of an artist
taking themselves public and selling
shares in their own brand that's a
different idea than than I'm going to
use my influence in order to drive you
to to buy satoshi's just excess that's
an idea right they're different
right
um
it's not hard to get people
to uh
to want to embrace your technology
because they they think it helps them
it's hard to get people to embrace your
technology because it helps the world
like if the world's most famous musician
said I'm only selling my album in
Bitcoin that's good for the world
but it's bad for them in the near term
because they're going to make fewer
sales and they know they're going to
make fewer sales
right so it's it's it's it's it's
creating an impedance
just like
when these guys move off of the most
common Network and they move to the
second Network their their sales are
gonna or their messages are gonna fall
by an order of magnitude so it's
it's like uh it's a different idea that
we could talk about but it's more likely
um
someone is going to uh someone is going
to embrace Bitcoin like uh artists
because they understand that Bitcoin is
the best way to save their wealth and
give it to their children or their heirs
so if a famous musician decides that
Bitcoin is the best way to store my
wealth and Escape inflation and monetary
debasement then they will buy Bitcoin
and then they will support it and say
it's a good idea because of that reason
they're not going to embrace Bitcoin
because it'll sell more albums or make
them more famous I mean there might be a
slight they might say you can pay me in
this or Bitcoin right
mm-hmm that'll be a nice step right like
a plus but but they're not
you know it's it's kind of like if I was
supporting a language you know that's
spoken by one percent of the world and I
said I'm gonna create an album but it's
only in that language and you have to
learn that language in order to listen
to my music
you know the problem is you're going to
lose your audience and so
so that that what we we need strategies
that get everybody to adopt and embrace
Bitcoin if we're back to the subject of
what's good for Bitcoin what you want
you want to make it easy for people to
embrace Bitcoin you don't want to make
it painful for them to embrace Bitcoin
there's some passive lease resistance
that are simpler than others and that
that's a beautiful segue into to what I
wanted to discuss with you uh on today's
part uh one of one of the very many
things one of the notes I've got written
down here
um and that is about nation state
adoption because and just to give a
little backstory to to the listeners uh
you were gracious enough to uh host
myself and uh Andre loja big shout out
to uh the pleb from Madeira
um who has managed to start orange
pilling he's president
and uh he bought it along um his uh his
head of cabinet and uh the the leader
the the guy in charge of the
International Business Center there and
uh Prince Philip joined us as well and
we came and visited you and uh
we would we just wanted to get your
ideas around
the best practice of nation-state
adoption or how to best go around
educating the people
of Madeira you know a small island of
around 260 000 people
would you mind sharing I don't know if
your thoughts have changed since that
meeting back in April but would you mind
sharing with people your thoughts on
one how
El Salvador have have gone around doing
it and two how you think
what would be the best practice for for
other people
to put something in place for for their
for their country for their state for
their whatever it is
you know what when when you think about
governmental organizations
you you want to focus upon the the
most um
most effective biggest bang for the buck
strategies first so so the question
really big starts with uh with well what
is the political entity is it a nation
state or is it a
um State itself within an is it a
province within a nation state or is it
a city or is it an agency
so what you would do rationally as a
function of how much political power you
have but let's just say hypothetically
you're a small country uh and we'll go
from there if you were a small country I
mean and what you wanted to do was
encourage Bitcoin adoption and or
benefit from it
you do the the simple non-controversial
things first first you just start to
educate and provide education on what
Bitcoin is because
if people don't understand what it is
all your other initiatives are gonna are
gonna backfire on you so I I think you
got to start with education and and
first you would educate yourself
and the people and the government
so I would start with uh with education
programs to educate the the government
in general then you would move to
educate the citizens
and that just means make the education
freely available and promote it right
free education then from there
there's the general Playbook is you want
to put in place asymmetric
legislation or asymmetric laws or
policies
policies that make it beneficial for an
individual an investor a business person
or any other entity to do business with
you or to relocate
relocate their funds or relocate their
business or relocate their their person
to your jurisdiction
so how might you do that
um
well
um you could start with the tax code
right like if if I knew that there was
no property tax
on bitcoin and there would never be a
property tax that's a start now
generally there isn't a property tax on
bitcoin anywhere else in the world
though so it's not
it's not an a big Advantage except that
proactively stating that you won't might
be might provide some people comfort
the next tax that would be uh capital
gains tax
right so if you were to actually say
you're giving it the the most favorable
top holding tax treatment or no capital
gains right that's a that's going to be
a big Advantage for you
uh the next would be income tax if you
if you traded it you know if there's a
if there's a a positive tax treatment or
the most favorable tax treatment for any
asset then yeah people are going to want
to relocate the asset there so so
whatever the tax code says is important
and and some jurisdictions when you go
and you buy property The Foreigner has
to pay a property tax like in the UK
if you buy property there's a transfer
tax and that discourages foreigners from
buying property and discourages people
domestic property holders from selling
their property to foreigners right so
so um
the way that you discourage
any property or any assets from coming
to your country as you put owner's taxes
on them and then the way you encourage
it is you do the opposite right you
don't tax them or you or you're very
clear that there won't be any taxes so
so let's assume though that you do all
that because there are a lot of other
tax-free jurisdictions right there's
like the Singapore's and the Monaco's
and the uaes that are pretty well known
for not having onerous taxes they don't
have income tax or trading tax or
Capital against taxes so
so after you look at the tax situation
the next thing you would do is
is look at your real estate
um
if if you were to actually give a
license to uh to a a Bitcoin ATM
operator to go and set up ATMs on every
street corner or if you gave them a
right-of-way and they're able to or you
gave them a right to
to plug Bitcoin into existing ATMs
right uh then if every ATM in the
country uh took and and or provided
Bitcoin then that would make your
country Bitcoin friendly and of course
there are there are regulations you know
this is under the broader category of
financial regulations
are there regulations prohibiting you
from moving Bitcoin around or the
regulations that encourage it or enable
it
so you want to make it easy to do do
business to do Commerce with the asset
and the nation
and likewise you want to um
you want to get rid of all of the
onerous Financial regulations that make
it difficult
sorry
um
after you work through the tax code and
then after you look work through all the
financial regulations
you know then you go to all the land use
regulations we talked about it if there
if if you make it easier uh for someone
to set a Bitcoin business up that's good
if you make it hard that's bad then
there are issues of citizenship uh
certainly
I mean some Nations allow you to bring
to obtain citizenship if you buy
property
I can think of a number you buy a
million dollars worth of property you
can apply for a passport well if Bitcoin
uh custodied in the nation in question
counted as property and it gave you
certain rights as a citizen or as a
resident alien
then that's a benefit
so I I think all of those are obvious
then you go to the next step which is
you
um you as a government
buy some yourself right if you start to
acquire Bitcoin for your Treasury
that's a benefit if you were to pass
laws or set up regulations where people
could pay their taxes or pay fees
governmental fees in Bitcoin
that would be beneficial
but uh the thing that would make it
really compelling
is if you actually Telegraph that if
people pay their fees in Bitcoin you
wouldn't convert it back
to Fiat you would actually hold it on
the nation state treasury or and with
the Central Bank of your nation in
Bitcoin
right that encourages people to pay all
their fees in Bitcoin and that actually
creates another another Bitcoin Treasury
so I think that's useful as well
I think that um
beyond that um rules that make it
possible for Bitcoin friendly businesses
to work there if you're if you're a
business that's actually creating
uh creating Bitcoin services or Bitcoin
products
or or products that that um that
integrate with Bitcoin that's useful
I think uh
I think Simply Having regulatory clarity
that makes it clear what you can and you
can't do and what the rules of the road
are I think are very very useful
so off the top of my head I would start
with all of those things
and then go from there
and having watched El Salvador for the
last uh year and a year and a half
what are your thoughts on how that's
been rolled out I don't know if you
visited
um please tell us if you have if you've
got any uh personal insights I haven't
visited I mean I think they've done some
things pretty well and I mean they've
got an office so I I wouldn't just give
away
I wouldn't give away thirty dollars
worth of bitcoin to all the citizens
right like I wouldn't do that I think
that that's an expensive way
to spread Bitcoin I I think that um
you're better off to organically create
a reason why
a business would come
right and ultimately there's a you know
there's only so much that nation states
can do
the the positives generally are around
tax incentives
and the negatives are around regulation
so I I think if you're a governmental
entity what you want to do is have
have constructive regulation that's very
positive and you want to have a lack of
negative regulations that are onerous
and I think you want to have
constructive tax incentives
like I mean if if you really want people
to locate to your country that own
Bitcoin you would say there's no tax
there's no there's no inheritance tax on
it
I mean for the most part the other
incentives aren't that useful right
because if I really believe in Bitcoin
I'm not going to sell it
are very rarely going to sell it so
maybe I sell a little bit over a long
term but I intend to hold it forever so
the the thing that everybody intends to
do is they're all going to die
and there are very few places in the
world where you can die without having
half your assets seized
which is shocking
right we can make a list of of them but
it's a very short list of places that
don't just steal all your stuff when you
die so if I was trying to do something
that was really effective I would simply
have
have uh tax car valves and and I would
say we just don't tax your Bitcoin when
you pass it to your heirs or or we just
don't tax the Bitcoin when you transfer
it period whether whether you transfer
it while you're alive or while you're
dead
and if you did that then that's pretty
compelling
um
the rest is I mean the world's full of
uh say you've got American citizens they
can't really Escape American tax code
uh without you know giving up their
citizenship for 10 years right so it's
it's pretty onerous
but for uh for American citizens in that
situation you would simply uh want uh to
enable
enable them to set up business
operations that that do Bitcoin friendly
things
and it never hurts to make it easy uh
for businesses in your nation to accept
Bitcoin
right I would be supporting lightning
I guess I would support lightning and
lightning payments for all my merchants
if the government accepted lightning
payments
and um and the merchants accepted
lightning payments and if there's if
there's some benefit or some help from
the government to get that
infrastructure up and running then you
would like to be the country where
everybody can pay with lightning
everywhere
I think that would be useful
I think it would be useful if um
if you if you had your own currency
and you uh created a digital token where
you you know maybe it's the the uh the
dram or something you know
if you create that digital currency and
you create a lightning wallet where
people can exchange uh Bitcoin for that
currency and that currency for Bitcoin
seamlessly instantaneously for free
and they could pay using Bitcoin they
got immediately transferred back into
converted back to the digital currency
friction free everybody's happy I think
you would have integrated your currency
with your payment systems with your
Merchants with your tax code with the
lightning network with the Bitcoin
Network that would be a useful thing
that's not the cbdc's that they
envisaged right uh when when you hear
the central Bankers talking about cbdcs
or government officials
well I mean
there are there are certainly there are
Central Bankers that want to issue their
own cbdc and control you with it yes
there are other Central Bankers that
want to issue their cbdc to control the
currency but they don't need they don't
want to control how people spend it
they're a little bit less onerous they
simply want to just inflate the money
supply
there are other Bankers that just want
to issue a digital currency like I mean
JP Morgan and Bank of America would just
like to issue a digital currency just so
that they can generate yield on their
digital currency I mean heck tether and
circle would like to issue their stable
coin because they get paid four and a
half percent or four percent yield all
right so their motive is just to get the
yield and and and the like
so there are lots of people that have
different opinions about digital
currencies so if you're running a
country you have a choice right you can
you can choose to be a good actor or a
bad actor
right if you want to be a good actor you
would issue a um
a digital currency that's cash-like
instrument uh that that provides you
with privacy and you could self-custody
right I mean if you're a good actor
you know if you're a mid-actor you would
issue the digital currency and let
people self-custody
maybe you're inflated a bit more
again I obviously
um
people that are in favor of doing the
right thing are exclusive to people who
are against doing the right things so
either you're going to do the right
thing or you won't right I mean
you asked me what I would do if I was
running a country and I told you right
which is I would do the right thing and
I would support lightning
I I think if I if I didn't have a
currency like in El Salvador they don't
have a currency they've got to have a
lightning wallet that supports USD and
BTC
if you had a currency like ARS to peso
you would want a lightning wall to
sports ARS USD and BTC
will they do it
they're not going to do it in a
hyper-inflationary economy
if you're intent on running your
currency and inflating the supply of it
by 20 to 30 percent a year
you're not going to do what I just
described because people would use
the lightning wallet to evade Capital
controls and all of the value in your
economy would drain out of your local
currency into the US dollar
some of it into Bitcoin a lot of it in
the dollar overnight right but there are
some countries that have a stable
currency I mean a relatively strong
currency I mean Switzerland
you know if you look at if you look at
the Middle East they've got a lot of
currencies pegged to the dollar
even the Chinese sort of pegged their
currency of the dollar but they have
Capital control issues
they don't want their citizens to move
their money out of China but if you went
to a society where the currency is
pegged to the dollar if I was in
Emirates
and I wanted to be you know if I wanted
to lead the world
I would issue a digital wallet based on
Lightning based on bitcoin that offered
you the the digital dram
the digital USD the digital the BTC
and then I would uh plug lightning into
all the merchants in the country
and then I would plug the government
into lightning and I would say you can
pay for everything using this they're
they're a very mobile economy already
they've always been leaders in Mobile
mobile government that you know they had
a mobile government initiative to
basically set up all the government
agencies
to be mobile accessible so that you can
you don't have to go into you know an
office to do things you can do them
online
so that's what I would do I would
basically embrace the entire you know
digital economy that way
some people will some won't
we'll see who does
if um
if you were a nation state and you're a
big exporter
then
there are three ways you're going to
embrace the the Bitcoin you could say
I'm going to sell barrels of oil in
Bitcoin that's the most aggressive way
that's kind of like your idea of Katy
Perry sells her next album in Bitcoin
but but that's going to create a lot of
pushback yeah yeah right the last time
you know in Libya when they didn't want
to take these doctors for oil you know
what Duffy found out what yep exactly
yeah so that that's the most abrasive
aggressive way there's a secondary way
I'm going to convert my entire treasury
from United States dollars U.S treasury
bills to bitcoin
okay that's pretty aggressive too
you might not want to go that far the
Third Way is
you know our Sovereign wealth fund is
just going to buy Bitcoin as a treasury
Reserve asset it's one of 10 assets that
we own
we're buying Apple stock we're buying
Google we're buying t-bills we're buying
some gold we're buying Bitcoin
okay that's that's the most incremental
way
so if I had a trillion dollars I guess
I'd start by buying 10 billion worth of
bitcoin out of my 400 billion dollar
Sovereign wealth fund and then maybe I'd
creep up to 20 billion of Bitcoin and
then 30 billion of Bitcoin and then 40
billion in Bitcoin and
and it would be incremental thing and I
would Embrace digital assets and and
there's no reason
to wave a red flag at a bowl right or to
make this
unnecessarily jarring
You could argue it's not good for
Bitcoin you remember when when someone
said you know Wikileaks is going to take
Bitcoin and Satoshi said yep you know
now you've kicked over The Hornet's Nest
we don't we don't need that much
publicity we're too early so
I think the same is true here right
um if uh if Bitcoin is embraced as a
treasury asset or one of multiple just a
new asset class
I think we 10x from here easily with no
controversy to speak of it's just
another asset
and we'll just creep into it and then
you 10x again when you say oh it's it's
a it's a good asset
and when you're 100x bigger you start to
say well it seems to me like the best
asset
just going from it's an asset to it's a
good asset gets you 10x each time and
it's the best asset gets you a thousand
X
so if I was a you know if I was talking
to a nation-state I would say well
acknowledge it as an asset
you know I've got this taxonomy I said
everybody goes through five stages of
Bitcoin they're first you've got the
deniers then the Skeptics then the
Traders then the technical press then
the maximalist
the deniers think it's tulips it's not
real at all it's a sham
scam right the Skeptics say it's real
but it's too good to be true the
government's going to ban it
the Traders say oh it's a it's a
uncorrelated asset or it's a correlated
asset I don't know if I like it or not
but I'm going to trade it because
sometimes it when it's going down I
short it when it's going up I go long
and if it's I'm not sure I just sell the
volatility okay so just going to going
to step three Trader right it means
you're gonna actually buy billions of it
step four is technocrat it's it's the
world's greatest digital monetary
Network it's like Google for money or
Facebook for money if I like apple and I
like Google why wouldn't I like Bitcoin
right
a digital Network for billions of people
that does something so technicrat is
better and of course Maximus is it's an
instrument economic empowerment right
it's freedom and sovereignty and and
liberty for eight billion people
economic empowerment
so what I just described is
if they bought it at all they're Traders
if if they decided it was a good
technology idea
their technocrats
and when they understand it's a it's a
good ethical idea they become maximalist
and I think Bitcoin now 400 a little bit
less than 400 billion 350 billion in in
the market
if we just get people to be Traders
we'll be three and a half trillion and
when they become technocrats we'll be 35
trillion and when their maximalist will
be 300 trillion
and of course there'll be a lot more
money in the world or we'll drain out of
a lot of other assets
I think at that point you start
demonetizing you know all sorts of
things
currency sovereign debt property
collectibles
precious metals securities
you know Etc but that's you know it's
it's a ways right we got we got 30 years
40 years we do to get there and just to
give you uh an update on what did happen
after that meeting in uh in Madeira that
the president's
um subsequently asked Andre to um get an
Advisory Board together and uh invited
more people to come to the actual Island
uh to Madeira and visit with government
officials as well as the Energy company
for their education piece and then uh
also layered on top of that said start
some kind of organization whereby you're
giving out free education to the
citizens so there's already been three
meetups I think that are held at a
co-working space which Andre runs
himself and it's free for all of the
locals anyone actually to to go and
listen to speeches and look at workshops
and you know ask questions
and that's just going to become more and
more popular in 2023 it's already
attracting some Bitcoin as to relocate
to the island so
that advice was well heeded and I'm
interested to see what happens in 2023.
you know you make me think it's good but
of course
you know you do a podcast and you have a
hundred thousand people view it in a few
hours whereas physical meetups are
pretty expensive way to educate if
you're going to do it building it into
the curriculum in the schools yes like
making it a class even an optional class
in high school
or or in the college I think that's
pretty useful and also offering it uh I
mean what you really want is to mandate
it if you could if you could make it a a
required class uh in high school or
required for government employees but if
you're going to make it optional you
basically want to offer it to all the
employees of the government and all the
students that's how you actually
spread ideas
most effectively in education otherwise
yeah
in the middle of town but I think the
problem is
it's it's probably idea spread one
percent as effectively in in the real
world as they do in cyberspace they just
don't go that fast so you need to find a
way uh to make it a bit more viral
yep 100 and that is being worked on like
uh calls for kids and of course uh that
the books were being uh translated all
the kids books and that they'd be gifted
to all of the uh the schools and that
there's tons of ideas yeah yeah no it's
great it's great and and it's really
really very very bullish what's going on
and I just hope uh it can be a beacon of
uh inspiration for for other small
countries that have like uh you know a
certain amount of autonomy but the
bigger ones like the huge nation states
you've got to just work in your local
towns I guess and um you know your
communities
before we get there all right Michael uh
I gotta kind of start bringing this
round to the end here and I know you've
answered this question many times uh and
you can't choose Katy Perry but
if you had just one last orange pill
left to give to somebody
who'd you give it to and why
to someone like um
Larry Page or Tim Cook
so I think I think probably the most
powerful entities are are you know
people running apple and running Google
because they control all the mobile
phone operating systems in the world
and if you want to move Bitcoin at the
speed of light to billions and billions
of people building it into the iOS and
building it into the iCloud and building
it into Android and building it into
Google and you know and uh
and uh all of
their various billion user Networks
I mean ultimately Google and apple are
they control cyberspace more so than any
company and then then you've got
organizations like Facebook and Twitter
that are pretty good at moving stuff
moving information around but but Google
and apple really control what is in the
palm of the hand in the hand of six
billion people
and they control the communication
networks and and the like and so so
either one of them
would probably be the most uh the most
effective at moving the world toward uh
digital prosperity
what's your focus for 2023
find uh find ways to educate more people
on bitcoin and find ways to acquire more
Bitcoin
[Laughter]
like us all uh
you um yeah you you're very uh humble
about uh the you know the biggest
positive events of uh of 2022
um you know shout out for your award
that you received at the uh it was it I
don't know how to correctly name it the
atlas
um the atlas Society Atlas Society
awesome okay yeah thank you that must
have been pretty cool uh great speech by
the way and I listened um to your pod
with Cedric uh Setters did a great job
but as always
um and listening to your thoughts on
that was was excellent so I just wanted
to um make sure if people haven't seen
that that they go and check that out are
you going to be turning up at any
conferences at all next year that you've
announced or uh looking to go to that
anybody should be aware of I'm sure I'll
make a few I mean I know I'm I'll make
the Bitcoin conference in Miami
yeah that's that's uh a fairly
convenient one and I'll do I'll do a few
more and I'll make announcements as they
as I commit to them will we see you on
this side of the pond Mike is that gonna
happen
likely yeah all right well I look
forward to it it'd be great to have you
over here and um get get the Euro plebs
uh out for some parties all right
is there anything we didn't touch on
that you wanted to cover or any final
messages before we close it down
I think 2023 is going to be a great year
we got a lot of heavy lifting done in
2022
different areas I thought it was very
yeah it was a lot of work done and I
think we're gonna we're gonna see the
benefit of that work in 2023.
all right Michael well thank you as
always have a great Christmas and uh
look forward to seeing you in person
again next year whether it's your side
of the pond or mine thank you Daniel see
you