Michael Saylor - Bitcoin Is Energy - Interview Part 3
Bitcoin Magazine · 2022-07-28 · 1h 42m · View on YouTube →
i want to talk to you about engineering
um
you were on lex's pod recently and you
sort of said that
civilization gets a b plus in
engineering and and the philosophies
or the economic sort of area gets a d
minus
you know
largely because we've made progress and
you know we've had a bit of a wash uh in
that realm
but i guess
i want to ask one nuanced piece about
that is
technology or engineering seems to be
far more progressive in nature i mean
like as in we build
on top of it
whereas
philosophies or
principles or economics seem to be um
or morality for example seems to be more
principled in nature it's not something
that um
you know what once you've figured out
like a methodology for living you know
or a philosophy of morality for example
it kind of stays the same right the it's
it's not like engineering which you sort
of continue to build on top of
um
so i guess first is do you have a
thought on that and then next i want to
ask you about engineering for
complexity because i've got i've got a
little bit of a
digression on that
well i think that to the extent we
de-politicize things we make progress
the decision to use steel instead of
wood in a house
is is
not so much political
and when you build the steel building
it's demonstrably better
so the fact that you can demonstrate
virtue
in an apolitical way is what causes
science and technology to advance
it's not always right if you have a
theocracy where you can't right like
look what they did to galileo
um i mean russian stalin right
yeah if you have a culture that doesn't
let you uh do that in a political way
then you don't advance so fast
but uh
generally the advantage of engineering
disciplines is i can build if i build a
bad plane it crashes and burns and it's
obvious
and if i build a good plane and you get
it you fly
it's obvious
same with ships same with railroads same
with a lot of things
same with guns right i mean
you know you pull the trigger and blows
up in your face right you know it
doesn't matter whether
you're you have this political view or
that political view you prefer the gun
that works the way you wanted it to work
and so
those things um tend to be very virtue
driven and they're very darwinian too
right
whereas um if you look at uh the fields
of economics and philosophy we're still
debating the right form of government
for 2500 years
right democracy versus monarchy versus
autocracy oligarchy versus whatever it
is there's still a debate we haven't
resolved that debate really
so
i think that i think that those are
harder
uh
obviously my my philosophy is if you
want to better the human condition
you're better off to invest in technical
solutions
than
political solutions
and that's that's why i say
bitcoin as uh digital energy is a
technical solution
non-controversial
the successor to electricity
bitcoin as a digital currency is a
political solution
highly controversial
revolutionary one is revolutionary
and the other is evolutionary
one of them is political the other one
is technology technical
one of them
you know invites
engineering professors to consider
whether this is sound or not the other
invites economic professors
you know and and so you can see like in
winning the winning the battle of the
hearts and the mines are you more likely
to convince an engineer
that bitcoin is good or convince an
economist
that bitcoin is good i guess it depends
the kind of economist right um you know
maybe
the the modern politically influenced
economist will be a little bit tougher
because they won't it's been hard though
right yeah the majority of economists
you know aren't even in flavor
they're not even in favor of a
non-inflationary currency
so
my view is
we're better off to focus on the
technology than the politics all right
then then the the economics
but if and if we must get involved in
economics we're better off to focus upon
just asset allocation
of assets rather than focus upon
currency replacements
currency is always going to be political
right and the next logical fight is the
argentines fighting with the americans
over whether or not argentine
argentinian citizens can hold u.s
dollars
and and if it's going to be a debate
let the argentine government fight with
the u.s government over that right i
mean that
they the united states is not likely to
have all their citizens jailed
while they debate with the argentine
state department over the dollar problem
in argentina right
but you don't want as a bitcoin to go
down to argentina and have that same
fight
you know you're
you're going to end up in a cage
coming back to
the engineering thing so
i wrote a piece a little while ago
that looked at
i was taking some of jordan peterson's
work and
he's chapter two in uh his 12 rules for
life kind of
takes the reader on a journey about this
idea of chaos and order and he and he
talks about matter and what matters
and i guess the the study of mata could
be described as more engineering-esque
it's more empirical in nature
and particularly over the last 500 years
there's been a a great skew
in civilization towards the advancement
in the study of
matter right
and
things like religion or philosophy or
economics etc that kind of sits more in
the um in the realm of what matters and
you know that's a study of you know how
to live etc now
i've i grappled with this idea of
we've seen so much
technological or engineering type
progress
that
you know we
maybe
in some sense what we've done is we've
tried to take
all of the studies of
what matters so the more um
you know the more philosophical natured
things and try to place them in an
empirical box and use
engineering type modalities to
kind of fix them and this sort of
what i'm getting to here is like the the
idea of central planning an entire
economy or
you know complex systems being able to
be distilled into these simple models
and if only
the variables within the model so like
these human beings should just be
variables and if we can fit them in the
box then everything will be perfect and
we have these utopian ideals of how
society should be run so i guess
i i wonder whether
we can
we can fix
quote unquote fix uh things purely
through an empirical lens um you know as
engineers or do we
can we kind of get ourselves
stuck there and i mean the the end of my
essay was basically this idea that
bitcoin kind of fuses the worlds of
matter and what matters because bitcoin
is you know transcends just being a
technological
uh
idea like it's it transcends engineering
it's temporal social cultural and in
some sense even you've got a religious
element to it but
i wonder what your thoughts are there on
those two worlds because they are both
important if we skew too far towards the
empirical then
you kind of sanitize the life out of
civilization in a sense
yeah um i
i'm not quite sure
you're getting very philosophical on me
i guess what i have to say about bitcoin
is bitcoin represents it is
matter and energy and cyberspace
that's the big idea we ought to focus on
and we ought to be sending that message
to all engineers everywhere that that
without bitcoin uh you don't have
matter or energy
in cyberspace and everything that exists
in the in the
internet domain in the digital domain is
merely a simulation
or a model of something in the real
world
the significance of you know being able
to transfer something of value without
an intermediary
means
that if if i can transfer to you without
an intermediary i can instantiate it or
i can manifest it without an
intermediary and that means it stands
alone in cyberspace rather than being an
image of something that is in the real
world the image in the real world makes
it a security
whereas
when you actually manifest the actual
unit the satoshi in
the digital realm
it is matter
i can create something of substance
uh
in the digital realm
using bitcoin
and if that's the case then
that that introduces
the field of engineering and physics
into cyberspace
and that's what's been missing in in the
entire digital realm the digital realm
for the past 30 years
lacked matter and energy and you just
had simulations
uh and that meant that um
[Music]
computer science might have been
relevant but all the other sciences were
never relevant
like all of the all of the learnings of
mechanical engineering and civil
engineering and thermodynamics and
physics and material science and
aeronautical engineering
all of those insights they're not
they're not relevant if there's no
matter and no energy in the digital
realm
so i think that uh that what what makes
bitcoin magical is that for the first
time we introduce
this concept of um
i mean someone said
someone on twitter the other day was
talking about irreversible transactions
they said why was satoshi so fascinated
by irreversible transactions
you know and and they they approached it
from a you know
a very s i think a narrow point of view
the idea like well we can't have
irreversible transactions because that
allows
you know we can't fix money laundering
and we can't censor and and how do we
get control of the system
but my thought was
yeah satoshi wanted irreversible
transactions but the idea for
irreversible transactions came from the
great almighty when
the universe was created yes right
because it you know
in the beginning let there be light
right in the beginning there was nothing
and then there was light well light is
energy so the first thing that happens
is energy and then from and matter is
energy
and time flows in the beginning right
before time flew
before time
there was nothing yeah maybe it was a
little simulation at that point yeah
and so what happens well
when when you actually introduce the
concept of irreversibility you introduce
entropy
and time
right the the passive the progression of
time is the progression of disorder and
they're inextricably intertwined and the
matter and energy are inextricably
intertwined
and bitcoin is like that big bang
and in the big bang you know in the
beginning right there was nothing
and then all of a sudden the time chain
starts to form and there's
irreversibility and now there's the
passage of time
and now there's there's
electricity run through the shaw 256
protocol
to become digitized energy
a digital asset
and
the beauty of the protocol was it was
introduced as a conservative protocol
not an open-ended protocol
right uh one that uh
the universe has a bound of 21 million
and you know and because we had that
we had uh for the first time this this
sort of bearer instrument that
represents energy that's conservative
and if i can transfer it to myself to
yourself without an intermediary then i
can instantiate it and if i can
instantiate it i i can persist it
the ability to persist
energy
without an intermediary
is what allowed us to cut the cord with
the banks
now the money flowing over the internet
wasn't wasn't um
a reflection it wasn't a shadow of the
money
in the visa network it wasn't a shadow
of the money in a bank
right to paraphrase you know plato's you
know shadows in the cave terrible
it's like are you looking at shadows or
you're looking at the real thing yeah
everything was shadows of the real thing
until satoshi
and now we actually have the real thing
also known as uh you know reif reified
information but reified fancy word for
objective you know an object right a
materialization
materialized
information so you could say it's
materialized information or you could
say it was
dematerialized energy which is the
the opposite way to say the same thing
[Music]
so
if you're focused upon matter
and and matter is relevant because
matter is conservative
then
the most extraordinary thing is the
creation of matter in cyberspace
because
now i can construct a billion dollar
structure in cyberspace
apart from
any institution or individual right
you could literally release the thing in
cyberspace and it can live on its own
you want to you could in theory create
some kind of program an ai program that
was wealthy that could live forever
with assets or with wealth
that is uh
completely separate from
any any physical
counterparty
right there and
that um
that has all sorts of implications for
um efficiency through time and space and
persistence
yeah there's an engineering
specifically what you said about um the
forward movement of time i think
when that dawned on me a number of years
ago and i've kind of written about this
before and
i've
often said that bitcoin's greatest
impact on human civilization is the
reintroduction of consequence and and i
think
these two things
uh interplay with each other here is
that the fact that
bitcoin
makes matter and cyberspace to use your
words
kind of
when you're in a simulation and there's
no consequence and you can just behave
the way you want um you create these
sort of deviations it doesn't function
like real life anymore
but when you reintroduce a consequence
then you need to think twice about what
you're doing and it is like the forward
motion of time in reality because if i
go tomorrow and jump off a cliff and i
die there's no rewind button i can't fix
that um and it's the same way as if i
send some bitcoin to the wrong address
there's there's no reversibility so so
it's like a mapping
that the map actually fits the territory
for the first time in
civilization's history and that
consequence piece for me is really
interesting because then it links back
to
a healthier
study
of what matters
when we said before like the study of
what matter is like you know you've had
all these things like religion and
philosophy etc they've been
an attempt to try and grapple with how
one must behave when contended with the
consequence of actions in the real world
and
because we've kind of built all these
fantasy models when it comes to whether
politics or economics or all this other
shit that's going on in the world today
everything's kind of like playing
pretend like i saw on the news this
morning i was on the at the gym and i
saw um
president biden uh
tells the states to lower the price of
um
gas it's like
you can't just pretend your way into
like fixing a problem um and this is you
know bitcoin kind of removes that
ability to pretend
and
by reintroducing consequence it it like
i don't know it fixes that dynamic
between matter and what matters
yeah well you know we're skeptical of
central planning for obvious reasons
and
things that work well
work well because they're beyond the
domain of politics
so
economics philosophy politics all these
things are political in nature and that
means that central
uh central planners and politicians can
intervene and will intervene
and generally the interventions are all
well-meaning and ineffective
and the more interventions they have
the more pain caused and
the best cases are just well-meaning and
effective and economically crippling and
the worst case is they're well-meaning
and effectively and devastating they
create war and destruction and and
topple the entire civilization right
so things that are beautiful are things
in nature
that are beyond the reach of politics
a politician can't stop the force of
gravity
you know like all these people say you
know why would i ever want to have an
irreversible transaction well like when
you drop a rock off of off a cliff it's
irreversible transaction
why would you want to have it well
because every machine works based upon
those principles right if i want to
build a dam i need to know that the
water always flows downhill and then no
politician is going to cause the water
to flow uphill randomly you know per
code because it breaks the dam
internal combustion engines work on
principles you know
hot air expands pistons fire
you know
centrifugal forces at work
so
you can't build a mechanism
[Music]
without
energy and matter and natural law and no
political intervention
and
that means
if there is no matter in cyberspace
then nothing you do in ma in cyberspace
matters yeah and that's why you get
that's why you get 180 million fake
accounts on twitter every year
because nothing
matters
and uh that's why you get all the
garbage and the spam and the phishing
attacks and and the toxicity because
nothing matters
and when things start to matter there
are consequences
and when there are consequences
um
you know
there's nothing
there's nothing unhealthy in nature
because nature recycles every unhealthy
thing very quickly
i i had a goose on my property the other
day and it broke a leg
you know a gosling a small goose and
there's like 50 other geese too so i
have a lot of geese but this one broke a
leg and we tried to save it by putting
it in the pond and it lasted one day and
the next day i got up and i just saw a
bunch of goose
feathers
all around the garden no goose
oh well it's like
right either the fox got it or now got
it you know and and there's nothing to
be done about it you know you're not
going to see anything that isn't healthy
in nature
no lawyers no courts
right no no appeal
and um
you can't you know
you can't create a mechanism
without matter and energy
and so if i if i
what's the difference right well if if
the transaction is reversible
then i can transfer the money every two
months and the money velocity is six
times per year
if the transaction is not reverse or is
irreversible
i can uh
move it
every hour right
thousands of times a year on the base
layer but i could move it every second
on lightning
or i can put it on a layer three
and tweak it a bit and i can move it a
thousand times a second
so what's the difference between
reversible or political and and
irreversible
right and uh
i gotta say like today i picked up the
phone and i approved a wire transfer
from a bank to another bank
okay
i could do 10 transactions per week
on the phone
that's the 20th century way using people
and reversible transactions
and the velocity when you go to
irreversible and matter and energy
is going to go to a kilohertz or 10
kilohertz
or a thousand kilohertz
and so it's not like 10x better or 100 x
better or a thousand x better
it's like
try singing a paradigm yeah exactly
try singing a song by like tapping your
foot on a rock
as fast as you can
yeah and you see it's you can't
you know beethoven symphonies are not
gonna come you know
due to one guy hitting himself over the
head with a rock
[Music]
and that's what we're trying to do right
now alex right
everything we built in cyberspace right
they're shadows of reality
and as much as we tell ourself
we built something functional
it's uh
what is it it's like it's a grotesque
it's a grotesque monstrosity of
something functional it's like
you can spin up five hundred thousand
accounts a day on twitter haha they're
all fake
you know you can you can place one
thousand comments
a minute on twitter they're all toxic
garbage fake
right they're fake because there's no
consequences there's no matter there's
no energy so we create things
that have the appearance of
functionality but they're not truly
beautiful and they're not functional
and
if we actually take this to the next
extreme
consider consider all the buildings in
the world constructed with steel
now take away all the steel
and consider what the world looks like
now consider all the structures in
cyberspace built without bitcoin
nothing beautiful
every you know everything twisted and
perverted in some way shape or form
now now imagine we introduce a crypto
steel
this thing we call bitcoin digital enter
you know we run machines in cyberspace
on digital energy
and we build uh walls and buildings and
structures and fortresses in cyberspace
with digital matter
and now for the first time
there are consequences and things do
matter
and what what beautiful machines will we
make
and uh and what kind of you know toxic
garbage will we purge
from the system
you start just by giving everybody on
twitter an orange check and get rid of
all the bots get rid of all the fake
accounts
just get rid of everything
get rid of all the scammers i think
all the scammers on youtube i think uh
as far as i can see
there have been 25 000
michael sailor bitcoin giveaway scams
launched in the past six months
25 000.
okay so what's what's the cost to that i
spend a million dollars a year trying to
fight that
me
a million dollars a year
like with people like with these kind of
headaches you know it's
the world's full of that kind of stuff
and uh and
the problem is we just don't have uh the
right materials
working in the digital realm
so when i
go ahead no i was just gonna say it
reminds me of two things one is um an
analogy that i used in a recent article
called the blind man analogy i say that
the way
society seems to operate today is like a
a blind man attempting to build a house
with an elastic tape measure um and you
know bitcoin kind of gives us
a tape measure and actually gives us
sight so you know
it the the level of difference in the
two kind of structures
could be described by that kind of
analogy it's like a sighted person with
an actual tape measure versus a blind
person with a with an elastic tape
measure but
i wanted to just park that analogy
the the interesting thing about fixing
matter in the digital realm is that
you introduce cost you introduce
consequence
it actually i would argue that a lot of
these so-called innovation and this is
something that i think peter thiel would
probably echo is that
we've seen so-called software eat the
world but do it in a strange sort of way
where as you said like we've got all
these perverted innovations like we
don't need another
you know
dick pic app full of bots and you know
god knows what else is in there like
we've got actual problems in the sp in
the realm of atoms not of bits that need
to be solved but there is a skew to go
towards innovation in bits and bytes and
dematerialization all this sort of stuff
because
it's it's all made up it's all fantasy
there's no economic cost there's no
consequence so it's just like
this weird self-reinforcing game where
i i think most of the innovation all of
the brains all the engineering power
that the world has seems to have gone
into financial engineering and
mindless software engineering where and
all of the meaningful problems are not
being solved because there's been this
lack of
uh
anchor in the digital realm back to the
physical realm and i think that is a
an underappreciated element of what i
think bitcoin fixes in the world to a
large degree and i don't know
what that means long term you know maybe
quality over quantity you know maybe
pushing the world towards
you know solving so-called problems that
have been too
quote-unquote expensive to solve or the
opportunity cost
uh being too expensive because it's
easier to just build another random
software product that
doesn't actually solve a problem but
makes some vc some money
i think the real interesting innovative
work is uh to be done
on top of bitcoin either
uh developing expanding new lightning
libraries and the light you know
harnessing the lightning protocol or
building applications using various
parts of lightning protocol
or improving it
or building on layer threes and just
building proprietary centralized
applications
that that have bitcoin embedded in them
and i think that there's been an under
investment in that and there's been an
over investment in creating new base
layer chains
way too much focus on proof-of-stake
networks and like 19
800
coins
you know i look at all of it and and i
you know i'm hard-pressed to see but
just
endless recursive
financial engineering yeah without
solving the fundamental problems
whereas the fundamental problems that
are interesting are things like
like um if you can stream sats
then um you know why couldn't i actually
spend up a state of spaces where uh
anybody that shows up that meets a
certain credential filter
gets uh a hundred sats a second or a
thousand sats a second
and then i'd literally be like
like
shining sunshine on you
right like if i if i stream sats by the
second or by or by the millisecond it's
literally like shining sunshine sunshine
is light
sats are energy like quanta of energy
and if you did that then uh you could
turn into a marketing application
and i think people are starting to think
about this like marketing apps where you
like uh
listen to earn
like
why would i do that well if you're a phd
cardiologist and i want to attract a
bunch of phd cardiologists and
maybe i would set up something where
they get paid some money to come and
join my space to help me solve a problem
and so
that would be a marketing application
and every marketing person in the world
could create these systems that radiate
money radiate energy
and you can flip it the other way which
is i'm going to suck the energy out of
you
if you want to enter my space you're
going to have to pay 100 sats a second
or a thousand cents a second right and
that's a that's another
another form of friction
and then you can create
lightning walls or like a firewall where
you have to pledge
a hundred thousand or ten thousand sats
to enter across the wall
and you may forfeit it
you know like
you know what it's like if you enter a
burning building
if you go to a burning building in the
real world you would walk in and then
it's going to get hot
and then at some point you're going to
start to burn
and then eventually you'll be dead
right that's consequence now burning
building
can you create a burning building in
cyberspace you can create sunshine in
cyberspace or you can create a fire in
cyberspace you can create a heat sink
you can create a wall
you can rip down the wall
you can
you can create any number of structures
and and you can implement the structures
with the frequency that's machine speed
so you could create very intricate
mechanisms that might run a million
times faster than a physical mechanism
that have friction
friction and consequence and and uh they
exchange kinetic energy and potential
energy and you can use those things to
clean up
all the social media platforms you can
use them to solve enterprise cyber
security issues
you can use them to revolutionize
marketing you can revolutionize sales
you can change the nature of products
and services
the uh
people just need to think differently
um
what we've never
what if i could put enough electricity
in a tesla to drive it for 10 years
what if i invented a fusion reactor and
i put a sugar cube in the reactor and
that operated the car for a decade well
that would be kind of interesting an
everlasting immortal car
that draws energy from a reactor well so
what if i could do with electricity well
i can't because the battery would have
to be 10 000 times better
well what if i did it with a bitcoin
what if i put
uh 50 000 worth of bitcoin into the car
in the chip
and then what if the bitcoin ran through
a exchange and then it ran through a
electric power provider and the car was
just continually replenished
off of the bitcoin for the life of car
i could i could build a power source
into the car what if i what if i built
it into anything what if i built it into
the house
like it's uh
the the conventional way to think about
this is
is i gave you something with an
endowment to pay for its perpetual
upkeep
like a perpetual
a perpetual annuity
well what if i create a perpetual
annuity but i do it with bitcoin and
then i attach it to a piece a piece of
hardware
you could attach to a hardware wallet
right i mean like
you could you could attach it to a
program you could then if you then start
to go back to this issue of frequency
and vibration
and you create products that interplay
with each other you can create
all sorts of interesting new fascinating
products that might they might have
marketing impact they might have a
product value they might be a product in
themselves it might be a differentiator
might uh might have a security value
all of that stuff is
layer two layer three layer four layer
five innovation
and uh that market is really embryonic
not a little bit's being done there
right i mean you know some of the
lightning entrepreneurs but i would say
we're year two
of lightning and of that of that
ecosystem
and the lightning protocol is going to
evolve and improve it needs to and then
there are a lot of things you don't even
need that you could do it in a layer 3
proprietary
protocol but the these are the
breakthrough
ways to be thinking
and i guess the analogy would be
um when you use the same technology like
say you say you
if you've ever been to europe and you
travel around europe you see that all of
the buildings
um built before the before 1900
they're all six stories high
like pretty much six stories is the
engineering limit of masonry you know
concrete brick structures with wood
framing and the like
and also it's kind of the human factors
limit without an elevator
you know you can you can't walk up 12
stories even if you could build a
building but you probably can't
structurally
build the building and have it not
collapse
so
you got by the way i suspect that
in rome
the tallest buildings were also six
stories
so for about two thousand years maybe
three thousand years
people were pretty much stuck
and you could endlessly re-engineer and
attempt to improve things but the
materials are the limiting factor
when steel comes along
now you can re-imagine 10-story 20-story
40-story buildings combine steel with
you know the concept of um
of an elevator or the like with a little
bit of electricity
and uh and now the entire world of civil
engineering explodes with a renaissance
of creativity
and so materials
hold back a given field the steel was an
important material
oil
you know if you calculate the energy
density of oil and compare it to coal or
compare it to wind
i went from rowing to sail to you know
to
coal steam
uh powered uh engines to eventually
diesel but diesel was the big
breakthrough
and it changed all you know all
logistics all all maritime engineering
automotive engineering
you put steel together with
sorry you put aluminum together with
diesel
and you get the airplane
and you take away those two things right
no internal combustion engine
no no oil
and no uh
no aluminum
no steel the civilization disappears
so
i've used the metaphor crypto steel
right bitcoin really is that crypto
steel it's not just digital energy it's
digital matter but it's a very
particular type of matter it's it's a
tough enough matter
that you could build something that you
could reasonably
expect to layer
well i i
what do i want i want the building to
last
a hundred years but i also want it to be
a hundred stories high
and a hundred stories high is working
against gravity right and if you think
about the the energy and gravity on the
100th story versus the first you know
the first level of the building you
needed some kind of material that had
enormous
energy density metallic energy
and steel is the highest density
uh
metallic form of energy or the most
powerful metallic energy
manifested as matter
right but if you ever walked into a
steel refinery and you looked at how
they created it there would be no doubt
in your mind a lot of energy goes into
it
extraordinary energy goes into it in
order to in order to create that
material
so i think if we if we look forward in
the coming age the human races
is held back
by lack of certain materials
and when you find the material
then
you can leap forward and you can break
through all of these constraints
and we have not even scratched the
surface there must be ten thousand
different areas
that you can re-imagine
with bitcoin as the material we are we
spent a lot of time talking about
reimagining
uh
nation-state currencies
but i mean that's the heaviest lift if
you think about it right the single
thing people fight over the most is
probably nation state currency if we
just go back to reimagining a family's
balance sheet or a company's balance
sheet
or reimagine a store a value asset
and then we start reimagining um an
insurance policy
and we we re-imagine uh maybe a bank and
we re-imagine
a social network and we reimagine um
um a firewall
there's a lot of other things we have
yet to reimagine they're a lot less
controversial they're more they're
either financial innovation or their
technology innovation of sorts
all of those things
are are just waiting for the right
bitcoin entrepreneur
to go and build that product or that
service and that offering and run with
it and uh i i think that uh
it's a very auspicious thing for me i
think there'll be extraordinary
opportunities there and if we're gonna
make
if we're gonna make the human race uh or
improve the human condition
i think re-engineering all those things
with digital energy
is uh
is critical
and uh
and it's our opportunity
can i say one more thing by the way yeah
yeah
there is um a lot of confusion in the
entire crypto community about about uh
what i mean when i say digital energy
and whether bitcoin is digital energy
and you just see people trolling me all
the time saying it's not energy it's not
energy you know blah blah
you don't understand
and uh
i don't really want to get in debates on
twitter right because you're not going
to change somebody's mind about some
deep idea in 280 characters so you just
irritate people
but
i think it's worthwhile just for us to
to focus upon this issue of what does it
mean to be digital yeah for example
what is digital music
i have a piano
and uh
if i take a steinway piano and i sit
down and i play the piano i've given you
analog music and them and that music
persist only for a few minutes in time
and then it goes away
and it's very expensive to manufacture
that music
i kind of i kind of think of that the
same way i think of taking a shovel and
shoveling as hard as i can or or gearing
up on a rowing machine to generate a
kilowatt hour of energy it's a lot of
work
i i created it and then it disappears
now there's something called a sp
steinway spirio piano i actually could
put a sphero unit on my piano and it's a
digitizer and i could sit down and i can
play
uh piano concerto
right or ragtime and i put the record on
and it records
the song perfectly
now it becomes a file
it is a is a digital file
that file can be transferred
anywhere in the world they put it on a
network
so now i download that file to a
different piano
in a different city
and i punch a button
and it runs the file
back into the piano it pulls some
electricity out of the wall
right and it decodes the file
and then the electricity uh fires up
some actuators the actuators strike the
keys and the song plays itself
i can play the song a thousand times
i can play the song
five years after it was recorded i can
play it
i can play songs that were recorded by
someone in the 1920s on my piano today
it's digital music
the file
is the digital music
if i
don't have a spirio piano to play it on
you might say well then it's not digital
music but the file is still digital
music
if i'm deaf and i can't hear it is it
still digital music the answer is yeah
it's digital music
i can deliver you
millions and millions of songs
to any of those to that device anytime
any place maybe a thousand years from
now
a thousand years from now you know
you'll listen to a great piano player
play rock mononof on that piano
so
if i wish to transcend time and space i
i digitally transformed the music from
analog to digital
and then when i want to listen to it
again and enjoy it i transform it back
from digital back to analog i reverse
the transaction and it involves some
machines some
some electricity some computer chips on
either side
now let's take
energy
i run a nuclear power plant
i generate a billion dollars worth of
i can pump it into the grid it'll be
gone in a few minutes
a thousand years from now it's gone i i
generated near 2022. in the year 3022
it's gone that's that's analog energy
that is electricity
if i take the billion dollars of
electricity
and instead
i sell it for a billion dollars of
political energy we call dollars
then i trade the political energy for
digital energy we call bitcoin
and i have a billion dollars of bitcoin
the bitcoin is a file i have transformed
analog energy into digital energy
now when i move the file from me to you
i lose it you have it and the difference
between that file
and a digital music file is the music is
not conservative and
the bitcoin is conservative and so when
i sent you the music file i kept the
copy
but when i send you the bitcoin there's
no double spend i lost the copy
so when i transfer the billion dollar
file the in this pays the keys it could
just be transferring the keys and you
know a lot of ways we can do it but
at the end of the day i can create a
file with the private keys and i can
move them at the speed of light i can
move them a million times
a second right on a layer 3 if i want to
i can slice them multiplex them
oscillate them vibrate them
however and i can store them for a
thousand years or 100 years or 10 years
or one year i can send it to tokyo
and when you receive the file in tokyo
you want the electricity back you
convert the you convert the bitcoin into
yen the the yen into electricity and now
you've got a billion dollars worth of
electricity in tokyo with no energy loss
right price right now the
the the loss would be maybe a few basis
points in the trade depending upon the
state of the exchanges and if they're
inexpensive exchanges okay well maybe
you lose 50 basis points or 100 basis
points call that friction
you lose 600 basis points just to move
the electricity down a power line a few
miles so so 600 basis points is the
transaction fee right now
you can get to 60 probably 30.
last i checked the transaction fee on
the bitcoin network was one basis point
like you were literally paying 1 100 of
a percent of the value transferred as
transaction fee
and that was pretty extraordinary to me
so when i am
when i think of and refer to bitcoin as
digital energy what i mean is you can
literally transfer you can transform any
form of energy and people need to think
more broadly oil is energy natural gas
is energy electricity is energy money is
energy euros yen one or energy food is
energy work is energy
water in a dam upstream is energy
they're all energy
and you transform them into different
types of energy eventually
you're gonna you'll probably flip
through a political energy we call fiat
currency and then you'll convert that
these are heat exchangers or energy
exchanges right
you're just transforming one one type of
energy another what is vibration
vibration literally
is the transformation of energy from one
form to another form
right like pendulum
this is potential energy this is kinetic
energy
potential kinetic i i it's continually
with a sine wave vibrating
just like that guitar is vibrating
potential energy to kinetic energy
when you're when you're vibrating energy
between the dollar and the bitcoin and
back to the dollar and into electricity
and back to the bitcoin you're just
vibrating it
and you've got a little bit of energy
lost but not that much
and if it's and if there's not very much
energy loss you get a resonating
frequency
you know you strike something and it'll
it'll actually hum
right forever right a long long time and
what's an example of something that's uh
resonating for a long time a laser beam
through space
go for a long time
long way
so
once you start to understand that idea
right that
uh that uh
a file with the keys to bitcoin is
digital energy just like a file
with uh
a song on it is musical energy
just like a file with a map on it is
sorry is a digital music and a file with
um
a map on it is just digital information
or a digital map they're all just
digital transformations
and the reason you transform them
digitally is so that you can vibrate
them at any frequency and store them uh
with no uh degradation right move them
in a friction free programmatic fashion
and store them forever
like i i can't store my oil
or my electricity forever
and i can't program it decompose it
recompose it and oscillate or vibrate it
and uh that's why i want it digital but
as soon as you break that idea and you
realize that
once you've digitally transformed it
then
the sky's the limit because at that
point
you can write programs and machines that
do 10 million things an hour with it
you can you can decompose it and vibrate
it you know in different forms between a
100 000 counter parties in an hour i
mean who knows where that leads
one one very useful application we've
talked about it just
if you simply implement this as um a
form of cyber security to
to
post a security deposit as you transfer
through cyberspace or move through
cyberspace the average person will click
through hundreds of web pages a day
so if you're actually posting and
retrieving your deposit hundreds of
times a day that's a much higher
frequency transaction than any
purchase in get transactions you ever go
through
and
you couldn't do it
if you didn't have efficiency because if
you lost one percent of your money every
time you you went from site to site you
would have no money left after an hour
and so you can see the skin gets flayed
off your body because there's just so
much friction
so when i eliminate that
i i think the right metaphor is like
what if i invented something
uh
that uh
you could
what if i had a machine you could hold
it in your hand you pointed anything and
it made it weightless
like a you know a levitator what if i
could make your car weightless what if
you could make anything
weightless a building a ship
a plane
a tree anything
click
it's weightless
now
think about the implications for
logistics and construction and the like
it's like putting if you can make it
weightless you can put it in orbit
then you can re-imagine
the entire civilization
and when when we convert physical energy
and physical matter
to digital energy and digital matter
in cyberspace it's weightless
and and you can play with the with the
concept of time and frequency and scale
right some something in orbit will orbit
forever right it's like the the
difference between getting into orbit
and getting almost into orbit is almost
in orbit as you burn up in a couple of
minutes or a couple of seconds into
orbit and you orbit forever
right to the end of time
you know or at least until something
else slams into you
and so
digital energy is about putting energy
into orbit it's about putting something
real into cyberspace and the profound
idea is if if you can create digital
energy you can create digital matter if
you can create digital matter you can
create something that matters
and now the passage of time and and the
onset of entropy
allows you to construct
something
in the digital realm
which is orders of magnitude better than
what we have today
i think
that was a really good framing um
particularly
the
the music analogy i
i just want to uh clarify one point is
that
in the process of all of this
transformation particularly the ability
to so when you say click make something
weightless that's the process of
digitization that you're describing
there right is like taking something and
digitizing it
the the
the
keystone idea behind all of this though
is
what you mentioned about conservatism
right is you can't just
do that and
assume no cost right that there has to
be
a cons like if if you click make
something weightless and then
it escapes the system you know then the
point of weightless is the point is i
want to move a billion
dollars of electricity from here to
tokyo for free
you see that's that's impossible to move
that thing
without digitizing it you can't get it
there right
when i so if i said to you i want you to
move that car
right
pick it up and move it you can't pick it
up and i have to make it weightless i
didn't eliminate the mass of the car i
just made it possible for you to move
the car from point a to point b by
making it weightless
that's what i mean by that when you
digitally transform so you didn't lose
the mass or the energy
you gained the ability uh to move it a
million times a second
you see
anywhere
like maybe uh you know the
better metaphors teleport
right i mean you know
people have used that before what if you
could was it either hal finney or
satoshi or somebody said what if you
could teleport this thing right
it's
it's kind of critical
to think of this because
when you when you start to embrace the
idea of digitally transforming energy
the big idea is not the digital
transformation because we digitally
transformed everything else
non-conservative yeah
the big idea is
that energy is matter
and ener
and
money is energy
and so the big idea is we have created
digital matter digital money
digital energy
the big idea is that money uh money at
low frequency is currency and money at
high frequency
say money at mid frequency is currency
money at low frequency is property
money at high frequency is just pure
energy
and so the the big idea is is you can
create digital currency digital property
digital money digital energy digital
matter
and that means you can create digital
machines
maybe you create digital walls digital
fortresses
also all sorts of of uh you can probably
create digital life right
i mean satoshi opens you know this
portal into the digital realm energy
flows through without energy there's not
real life there's just the shadow of
life
like for example what if i want to
create something that's a living ai
that's independent and has sovereignty
i could never do it uh before
bitcoin
because ultimately you've got a
counterparty that controls the money
that's outside of cyberspace yeah
it's like how does a machine get a
credit card from a bank
right because it's political
that this the subtlety here is
we've just moved
matter
and energy and money out of the
political
domain
and we've moved it into the cyber domain
or allowed you to at least create
a
a small colony
with uh with digital energy and digital
matter in cyberspace that can grow over
time
and you could think of bitcoin is is we
open that hole and through that hole
comes 400 500 billion dollars worth of
energy
we're not quite sure exactly how much
energy there is because there's so much
volatility but it's you know
sometimes when a fire is just getting
going you're not quite it's not quite
clear how much energy is in that fire
box of flank yeah it's sparking and and
uh and it's very volatile and you don't
have measurement instruments and it's so
dynamic and changing so rapidly is not
clear
but um
once you've actually established the
fact that uh the file the information
itself is the energy
then a program that controls the
information controls the energy
and uh and now
now you've created some reflexivity
like in theory now that artificial
intelligence creature has has the money
the energy to reach out in the real
world and manifest itself as a product
or a service
right
as opposed to the opposite direction
autonomously
like it
what will happen
i don't know but the the obvious
application would be like some kind of
trust application if i wanted to create
an endowment
that would do things in perpetuity over
on a like time locked contracts
you know time lock contracts are
interesting for a few minutes or a few
days but they get really interesting
when they're for you know every five
years or every 10 years or every 20
years right
or something like that you want
something to go on in perpetuity
where it uh
and what's our problem our problem is
the counterparty risk right
yeah i want to hold my goal for 100
years what bank can i trust for a
hundred years not to seize it and the
answer is no none you have to move it
every 10 years so
so
if i if i can find a way to instantiate
something of serious value without a
counterparty
right
opens up a whole new world
this one makes me think about uh
inheritance for my kids like long term i
want to create a system whereby they
have to
uh go through particular rights of
passage to earn and unlock uh elements
of their bitcoin and it it
yeah i was thinking the same thing
really
it's like if you wanted to have
something that's virtuous yeah
virtuous and programmatic
and and you wanted to create it such
that it would it would be there even if
you're not
it's like ultimately if you have enough
money then maybe you can afford to hire
a lawyer but the lawyer dies
i mean what person could you hire today
that you could trust in 30 years
okay so then you hire a firm right
which firm can you trust in 30 years
now you're back to this issue of who can
you trust yeah
and will they be corrupted or captured
by a nation-state
you know can you count on that
foundation
uh to fulfill your wishes after you're
gone
tricky
the computer program though
like i i fully expect you know bitcoin
will be doing its bitcoin thing
in the year 2140
when it stops issuing
coins to miners and
i don't know why it wouldn't be doing
the same thing and and and uh affecting
the protocol in 2240 and 23 40 and 24
40.
so i think that there are interesting
things to be built on top of it but
they're much better built on top of like
uh
a lightning protocol
where
bitcoin is the gas
yeah i mean
even
there's one thing that this reminds me
of is like bitcoin's this kind of
long-term phenomenon that um that has
entered the world
uh
kind of trapped in short termism and you
know it's such a it's such a
juxtaposition i guess in um
in that sense
but i i wanted to ask you something
about um
life and
an entropy um i've been toying
with this idea for a little bit i wrote
some notes here somewhere let me see if
i can find it there it is um so you know
you on the on the pod with lex
you
described humans uh as engineers and
and i i agree with you i think
how in our dna seems to be this um
this predisposition towards transforming
something chaotic into something of a
greater order and it's just it's just i
don't know what we do since we picked up
the first rock and threw it at an animal
to save some time and energy and
acquiring some food
we seem to
behave in this uh direction so
i've tried to
think about
life as this
anti-entropic force in a sense it's like
everything else seems to be
seems to operate with like entropy
entropy seems to go the opposite way but
life seems to be this one thing
that bucks entropy
and yeah
engineering is the is the process of
creating
order around you
by pushing the entropy or the disorder
elsewhere else okay right
right so when i create a bridge
i create order
you know around the bridge but of course
all the work done
and the energy expended
uh creates disorder elsewhere
and i think that's a description of life
right we are creating order around us
by by putting disorder
elsewhere
and uh there's a lot of places to put it
right so
just put it away from you maybe we bury
it
like
maybe we burn it
so
i mean that is engineering
and that's that's life in general
and uh humans are the best engineers so
we're doing the most of that
that's why we're the apex species right
it's like we've
did you did you ever read brandon
quittim's uh piece about um
bitcoin the pioneer species
yeah yeah it's um i think it's it's good
yeah it was a fantastic piece and
you know the the concept of carrying
capacity comes to mind now is that
uh
life seems to want to increase its
carrying capacity
take more energy create more order um
and you know carve out a space for
itself
um
i think brandon's great and he writes
really great stuff and he's brilliant
and i've liked everything he's written
i think that darwinian process is
squeezing the inefficient creatures and
the inefficient designs out yeah right
and like
if there's three if there's three
species in the same ecosystem and one of
them is able to
capture food three times as fast as the
other two
then the one pushes out the other one
right i mean all other things being
equal
so
all of this uh evolution is
is experimentation mutation
and ordering
and the most efficient uh the most
efficient processes the most efficient
species succeed and
it's like i mean i looked
i looked over the other day i sort of
blew hair in and the blue heron is
sitting in a creek behind my house
and i thought to myself and the heron's
fishing
and it's always there
but how do you think i know there's fish
in the creek
because you know the heron wouldn't sit
there and fish for four days in a row if
it didn't get any fish right
right after about a week it would either
be if it's stupid it would be dead and
if it's smart it would leave
but one way or the other
the problem's getting sorted out right
if the if the bird is not smart enough
to figure out how to fish and not smart
enough to figure out where to go fish
then there's no bird
and so nature just has a way of
spontaneously ordering things
continually
and there's this competition
and human beings are the biggest you
know actors
in that ecosystem
but uh
there are variables for example uh
yeah you've got the example of easter
island where
where the uh the human beings there
ended up with an inefficient political
system and they chop down all their
trees and starve themselves right
they were irrational
so um
so that's an example of darwinian
selection working in one way
right and
you know there's uh there's society hard
money societies that have functioning
economies and
there's loose money societies and they
collapse the currency and
when they collapse the currency all
their companies fail and then all their
political constructs fail
right and then they generally
you know
get taken over by somebody else if
there's anything desirable there and
exploited right
if they got raw materials they get
exploited by a better organized
or or civilization and if they don't
have raw materials they just get left to
their squalor
and uh bitcoin an exam is an example of
good technology but you could say good
technology is anti-entropic
there there are more efficient ways or
less efficient ways to do things
right it's it's
it's kind of simple like try to move
stuff around with a wheel and without a
wheel
right
you've got human beings in both cases
um
i use this example with breedlove when
if you go to the american history museum
you can find that the uh the uh
the native americans they invented the
wheel but they only used it as a pottery
wheel they turned it and they just spun
pottery with it i remember this and it
never occurred to them to turn it the
other way and use it as a wagon wheel
you know of course the europeans kind of
figured it out there's no record of the
native americans ever figuring it out
and so eventually the europeans
show up with the ships and the guns and
the germs and everything else and one
society displaces the other one
i don't know if it's just not inventing
the wheel that
held him back but it certainly didn't
help him any
if you don't invent the wheel you
probably there are a lot of other things
you probably don't
figure out
speaking of that conversation with
breedlove i think on that uh segment of
uh discussions you guys you mentioned
something which really clicked for me
that i've
thought of in fact kind of write about
it in this book is that um
you know nature and all functional
complex systems are adaptive control
systems you know they error correct um
and
i mean something that's alive
error corrects and and this is
i think one of the
really mind-blowing things about bitcoin
is that
uh
you know
it adapts
and
like it's it's in bitcoin's dna to adapt
and it doesn't require some sort of a
central manager to do that it kind of
does it itself which is
very much
i think you know the definition of like
nature or
capitalism even is um
you know
they they seem to be
yeah as you said like a error correcting
adaptive system
yeah you could definitely characterize
it as a virus
and you could characterize it as
something more sophisticated than a
virus too depending upon
depending upon your
your sentiments but
it definitely does um
it does have the elements of of a life
form that is evolving
and uh as you sp as you attach other
applications to it
right the miners are
are an instantiation of bitcoin and and
they move
almost like specialized sales right
and bitcoin hodlers are another form of
bitcoin
and bitcoin exchanges are another form
and then bitcoin applications are
another form and and as you build layers
of applications
uh on top right they're all life forms
different different cells different
organisms and
they're living and they're dying they're
coming and they're going all the time
right
and it becomes more complex
so so that's it it is one of the great
viral
technologies truly viral
and you could characterize it and think
of it as life in cyberspace
it is cyber life
it's like all these creatures right
you're you've got a relationship with
the bitcoin miner in a country you've
never been to that you'll never meet
and yet they're part of the system
may you know sometimes i think of
bitcoin miners as the skin
just like the your skin is part of your
immune system
it's like uh if you scrape some off it
hurts
bad but uh it's the first line of
defense
so you know a bitcoin miner will get
attacked by this nation state or
they'll get their electricity jacked up
by that one that's not unlike you
putting your hand on a hot stove
the the power company doubled the cost
of my electricity
it's like oh i touched a hot stove it
hurt
what are you gonna do next you're gonna
go find a power company you can trust
well i was minding my own business an
earthquake hit and uh you know and the
skillet fell off the stove and burned me
well
accident nothing you could do about it
yeah
what's the solution well the human race
has got more than one person in the
kitchen at any given time so hopefully
not all of us you know get hit by the
earthquake in the same place you know
we're decentralized
and life goes on
yet
i want to ask you one one last question
because we're kind of nearing the end of
uh this part is um
i don't know i've got two two here maybe
we can hit both um
one of them is this
idea of paradigm shifts because bitcoin
is
such a profound paradigm shift and it
touches so many different kind of areas
um
you know there's a guy called uh
what's his name bronze age pervert or
whatever and he he argues that you know
the greatest civilizational changes
occur as a as a result
of the changes in weaponry which is kind
of similar to you know the the whole
sovereign individual
uh position on the returns to violence
and and i guess i think that's partly
true and then the other part that uh is
true is this unlocking of uh new
materials or energy whether that's you
know oil steam steel etc as we've
mentioned but um
you know we've got this
this thing
however we're going to frame it or call
it perfect money
fucking digital energy whatever we're
going to call it
why do you think people like i'm
thinking dahlia for example ray darling
is like you know they talk about
paradigm shifts
but they completely like miss
this very clear
paradigm shift that's staring them in
the face
what do you think that well first of all
i think it absolutely is a paradigm
shift and um
and a lot of times people get lazy
because they study paradigm shifts but
they study ones that have already
happened before they lived and they
think that they'll they would never fall
for that
it's like but but you're looking
backwards right so they're like
it's because i'm i'm looking backwards
and i'm like well i've you know i
understand that you know you know
einstein didn't get quantum physics but
i do or i understand steel or i
understand airplanes but they're they've
got hindsight and so
they um they overestimate their grasp of
the idea but the real point of a
paradigm shift is it's so profound
you could you didn't expect
like
the earth is not the center of the
universe
right it's like so profound that um that
you didn't know to ask the question yeah
and um
if you um
if you look at this right it's a
paradigm shift for economists because
they didn't really think about what
money is right you can make a reasonable
argument that
95 percent of economists don't know what
money is they study their entire life
they just don't know what it is
they never think of it as energy
or economic energy and
and they don't think that physics
or thermodynamics apply and so
they're not expecting it to be that and
they don't and they don't think they're
a hard science
i'm not a hard science therefore i
didn't you know why did i do this i
didn't want to study physics or math or
whatever and so
politicians the same way right
uh i
i didn't want it to be that and so i
studied something different and so
so i'm not looking for it to be that um
a lot of times people
the way you know it's a paradigm shift
by the way is i would say 75 percent of
people in the crypto community don't
understand the concept of digital energy
like i think you know all the crypto
the crypto people that have been in it
for a decade right
they look at that and they
and they immediately reflexively say
well it isn't because i understand
energy
okay though
if you're really open-minded and
somebody says something that is that you
don't agree with
and it's a paradigm shift you would have
to stop
and then think really hard for hours and
hours
and then uh you start by saying well
maybe they're right how would they be
right and you have to flip instead of
reflexively saying they're wrong
and the reason people are reflexive is
they've already decided what it is like
the problem with cryptocurrency has
everybody decided and the problem with
with you know being
being totally passionate about currency
currency currency is
you're in this political mindset where
you've decided that this technology
is a replacement for the dollar or
replacement for the yen or the euro and
then you're you're in that train
and it becomes a political economic
uh thing for you and then
you're not going to stop and say well
what's aeronautical engineering got to
do with this
just because that's just not right what
civil engineering got to do with this
you know what's music got to do with
this because music and spaceship design
and buildings and dams
those don't have anything to do with
currency you've decided what currency is
and so you want to you want to drill
into that
so i
i think that uh
what you have is
you've got one group of people the
economist and they've never embraced
engineering so the idea that you that
that money is energy and you could
engineer a better system
that's foreign to them because they've
always taken comfort from the fact that
economics is not engineering
and it's not a hard science
they took comfort from it and then i
think that the
the guys like the dahlias of the world
a lot of the investors
i i don't know i mean dalia is almost
getting to the conclusion but but dalia
is not a technologist so
so uh he doesn't really think of it as
technology he can he can't bring himself
to think
of an asset as technology he's okay with
macro he can he can think macro but he
but
if you think about technology and you
know what happened with google and apple
and you know google and apple crushed
everybody
because of that network effect because
of that protocol stack
and you saw what happened to every
everybody else in the system
then you start to see in terms of
exponential viral
winner-take-all behavior that goes super
fast when you've got a technology
metaphor
a lot of people a lot of investors are
not macro investors and so they think
invest let's take buffett and monger
they actually think investment consists
of picking companies like their entire
frame of reference is
is a universe that consists of 10 000
publicly traded companies or private
companies and you have to choose which
company you're going to own
and of course
that's like shuffling deck chairs on the
titanic if i said pick which deck chair
you want to own on the titanic and you
know and you said well the titanic's
sinking we're all going to die
there isn't any deck chair i want to own
but if you were if you lived on a cruise
ship where the only thing you could
invest in was deck chairs and the ship
had never sunk
right then you're entrained in that
that's the paradigm
that's their paradigm is they think the
ship will never sink
like that the reason i pick i use the
the example of argentina often is
because it's a very obvious example of
how
no portfolio allocation will work no
mixture of bonds and stocks or
conventional assets will work because
everything is correlated
to the currency which is going to zero
and it's just it's when you're on a
platform that's going to zero and
everything is on that platform and
correlated then
all of your thinking is conventional and
it's all losing
so the 60 40 bond portfolio doesn't work
and picking stocks doesn't work and you
know ben graham value investing it
doesn't work in the weimar republic
right
it doesn't work when the currency goes
to zero no stock analysis works so then
you have to be a macro thinker so yeah
you can sort of be a macro thinker but
uh one set of people that miss the
paradigm are people that never saw a
macro economic meltdown of the entire
currency
another set
they've never seen an asset that was
also technology
so
if you
and the third set
they're uh they're not engineers they're
like the big blind spot in crypto in my
opinion alex is is there are too many
computer scientists
and not enough physicists and engineers
so most of the early crypto the first
decade all these you know
these all the proof of stake networks
and all you know all the defy and and
all these you know
perpetual motion machines and and and
you know cute gadgets people come up
with they all thought that they were
improving on satoshi's engineering but
what they didn't realize is satoshi was
the better engineer yeah satoshi satoshi
was was a full-featured
engineer that knew software engineering
cryptography but also systems
engineering material engineering you
know etc
and
and so most of the people that i see
that dominate in the rest of the crypto
ecosystem they have very weak or no
backgrounds
in uh in
aeronautical engineering or systems
engineering or
civil engineering or ocean engineering
any or physics
any of those areas and then there and
they don't have a lot of real life
experience right most of them are in
their 20s and their 30s and so
they've never actually
built anything and failed at anything
you know if i if i want to fix your ego
i just put you in charge
okay you think you can do it better here
you run the thing for a year okay and
you would come back and go well it's
actually a lot harder than i thought it
would be everybody doesn't just do what
i tell them to do
you know i thought i could just tell
them what to do and then they did it and
everything broke or they they all quit
and now
it all broke and so
if you actually
and by the way the competitor turned out
to be a hundred times smarter than i
thought they were you know and then they
kept investing and they wouldn't stop
investing and nobody takes vacations
it's competing against me
so um i think that
when you have when you add real world
experience like do something for 30
years and then you layer on engineering
which is the
it's really the
the discipline of constructing machines
that work
and then you layer on some physics and
thermodynamics in the real world where
there's friction and gravity and speed
of light and speed of sound and the
reynolds number right things that hull
speeds things that there's a point at
which no amount of effort will get you
any further right the harder you push
the harder the world pushes back at you
and in computer science they never get
to that point
but in the real world
if you've ever tried to do anything in
real business or if you try to row a
boat
or you try to design an airplane there's
a reason we fly below the speed of sound
is because
nature pushes back exponentially hard
and when you when you realize that
like adam back realized that he points
out that the design parameters for
bitcoin are pretty narrow and he tried
to improve on the design and he couldn't
yeah like blocks every 10 minutes one
one you know the one meg meg block size
you know all of these like uh would-be
technologists keep talking about
improving it and it never occurs to them
that you change the block size it's like
changing the speed of sound or the
gravitation constant in the universe
you're playing god
and if you actually change the
gravitational constant you break
everything yeah
you know if you if you change the speed
of sound you break everything every
creature on earth doesn't work right you
kill everything and so
the fact is don't screw with it it works
fine the problem is you not the system
[Music]
and engineers learn this right because
it's it's it's humbling
when you're an engineer
there's there's a certain there's an
ideal whole shape and someone figured it
out a hundred years ago and you can just
tweak it plus or minus two percent but
you're not going to get some profound
10x breakthrough
it this reminds me of the
part of the conversation earlier we
talked about uh innovation in bits
versus atoms is
you know bitcoin kind of brings a a
rigor of
the innovation that has happened in
atoms where you actually have to contend
with limitations and consequences and as
you said the world pushing back
and bringing that sort of uh engineering
prowess into the digital realm
um
is a whole
different level of operation versus
the
you know the classic silicon valley just
play with
the computer and you know
the other right the other another
observation alex about paradigm shift is
is
as long as people think uh bitcoin is
money or a financial asset then you've
got a world full of people in the
finance industry and they make a living
going through a set of very inefficient
motions that are no longer necessary or
relevant and so it's very difficult for
people to
think themselves out of a job
right it's it's against human nature
right so
so if you make a lot of money by doing
something which has just been uh
digitally transformed away then it's not
in your best interest to figure it out
and and everybody generates a set of
natural biases
so it's it's easier for an outsider
with no vested interest no skin in the
game to walk in
because they're not looking at
deconstructing
their life's work
that's why you know oftentimes you know
it's it's an outsider like tesla that
walks into the auto industry you know or
if you're an architect and you've you've
made your name by creating masonry
structures for 30 years and then steel
comes along
you know your first reaction is that's
ugly it'll be dangerous it's probably
going to kill somebody
yeah it's very easy to come up with a
lot of reasons to dismiss it and it's
aligned with your economic interest and
it's also aligned with your
information set
and if it takes you 100 hours to figure
out
that you can do a new type of building
and then if you're going to have to go
through a decade of risk and uncertainty
if you enter into that business
it's pretty difficult for the incumbents
so most of the incumbents that reject
this they have a vec a vested interest
and an economic interest in not
embracing it
and um
and they'll be just fine if they don't
so it's it's people on the margin that
uh that have the need and the
wherewithal to get in that they will
make the difference and and that's a bit
of a random process to figure out who
that is and then the process has got to
exponentially grow
it is it is
it's truly a profound paradigm shift
though because
because even the the people in
technology big tech
they don't understand money right so so
the idea of digital energy that's a
that's a threatening or just a a bizarre
wacky idea to anybody at apple or google
or facebook and it's a wacky idea to
somebody in finance and it's a wacky
idea to someone in the energy industry
and it's a wacky idea to someone in
politics
right and so because it's a wacky idea
to everybody
right the easiest thing for them to do
is just dismiss the idea because their
life is a lot easier
if they dismiss the idea and they don't
have to take any risk and they don't
have to risk looking stupid
and so that that will remain the way
that you will
break that cycle
is you will build machines
based on that wacky idea that work
and if you can build those machines and
those machines are commercially
successful like a you know lightning
wall lightning services new types of
software
you know and or you build a a company
right
and as you have financial success or
market success
then people will uh grudgingly take a
second look
and then they'll take a third look and
and
at some point you know uh you'll start
to get the next cohort
of adopters right you'll go from the
early adopters to the to the followers
and they'll wait
and then
20 years 30 years afterwards people will
be like oh yeah of course it was
inevitable yeah it was obvious
apparently
um yeah i mean
you can see that with like kodak and
instagram right
at the end of the day like who made all
the money from digital photos really
it's like not not
who anybody expected and
and there's a lot of kicking and
screaming along the way a lot of reasons
why
indeed
um
mike there's um
i could talk to you for days there's a
million other things i wanted to ask you
but we've um
to be respectful of your time i want to
thank you
for
carving out four hours man um to talk
through this stuff like i wanted to talk
about the age of meritocracy i want to
talk about the great filter um
we can do those on
on some future episodes maybe the next
time yeah yeah yeah is there um is there
anything
final or closing that you might want to
say
about bitcoin about our discussion about
energy
the world is going through an
unprecedented financial crisis the
greatest of our lifetime
and and the f so the financial world is
in crisis and the political world is in
the greatest turmoil i can remember in a
long time there's just a lot of turmoil
turmoil there's a lot of sound and fury
a lot of strong passion
a lot of noise
a lot of turbulence
bitcoin is a good thing
everyone that's that's listening this
podcast
almost certainly believes in it is
excited about it sees it as the future
there's a thousand things in the world
that people are engaged in conversations
on
but
most of the world doesn't fully
appreciate uh the potential that bitcoin
has as a technology either as a better
money or is a digital energy or as a
better property or as a source of as a
better ideology or whatever as a
catalyst for good most people don't
recognize that
so
you have finite members in finite
minutes in your life left
there you know
when you meet a person
you only have a few minutes
to talk with them to convey something
think about how you use your time
and ask yourself
what what's
the best good that you can bring with
that timeline what's the highest form of
good you can accomplish
i i generally of the of the opinion that
constructively cheerfully
educating people
removing the you know dealing with the
fear dealing with the doubt dealing with
the uncertainty educating them that
bitcoin is a great technology
the greatest monetary technology in the
history of the world
can can improve their lives
their friends lives their companies
lives the lives of their citizens their
country their country it can improve
everything it touches if they if they
grasp and understand it
i think that
that is that's the highest best use of
time and energy
and it's always a temptation to get
drawn into
other discussions and other debates
like i'm not telling you how to spend
your personal time with your friends and
family you do what you want but but
in terms of professional focus
the focus uh
is to educate the world
on how
everybody can improve their lot and
when you do that you have to do it in a
language they speak
you have to use the metaphors they
understand
you have to appeal to the values they
have
you know sometimes you might not even
share those values
right but figure out what they want how
they speak how they communicate how they
want to be communicated to right and and
then communicate to them as much as much
insight about a perspective about
bitcoin as you can
that that's how we uh
spread the entire network that's how we
improve the world
and
just avoid getting baited and distracted
and drawn into negativity right people
want to
they want to poke you you know they see
in my interviews like they want to poke
me blah blah blah you lost some money
i said 100 years from now no one's going
to care whether you made or lost money
in bitcoin mark the market in q2 of 2022
yeah it's not going to matter big
picture right lots of things happening
don't get baited right if you get
defensive you know
if you get drawn into ad hominem
discussions
that's a challenge if you start to think
that somebody is you know some big
organization wants you know is against
bitcoin
they don't care i mean like like you
could say oh yeah they're out to get me
they're out to get me they're out to get
me you know i
if i look at all these organizations
like they have a million other things
they're worried about
they're taking sometimes the path of
least resistance this is just new
technology they don't understand
people always react to new technology
with all you know i'll look at it later
don't bother me
you know i don't know if i need it i'll
i'll do it this way for now
until they have a compelling requirement
they're going to tend to be dismissive
and when someone is dismissive
you just want to be cheerful
enthusiastic creative constru figure out
a creative way
to you know tell them how it solves
their problem
right you're a salesperson
right we're all pretty much sales people
salesperson shows up what do you have i
have the best money ever in history of
the world why do i need that
well
okay here's the other point which is
hopefully when you meet him you should
you should listen and or you should have
already done your research to figure out
why they might need it
every single meeting i have in my entire
life i always look
at the company what's the company what's
the person what's their background
what's their ideology you know what why
would they benefit from what i have to
offer and then i do my best to explain
the benefit to them
you know in the most concise format i
can
and
you either make the sale you don't make
the sale
if you make the sale great
then it's beginning of a relationship if
you don't make the sale
thank them for their time
you know don't don't make them angry
right i mean
you don't want them to say oh some
bitcoiner came and tried to persuade me
and then call me an idiot for not
getting it
right then they just
you know that there's no point that your
company is not going to benefit from a
salesperson that gets angry at the at
the prospect that doesn't buy on the
first sales call
so i think if we think like that
you'll make a lot of friends you won't
make any enemies
you know you'll do a lot of good you'll
learn a lot
i learn a lot more when i listen to the
to the person i'm talking with right
what do they think
and uh
and then we just uh go back and polish
you know our uh our content react to
what we're learning and it's it's to
your point adaptive right
adaptive and and uh
try to avoid uh
creating unnecessary uh difficulty for
yourself
because
there are certain people and they manage
to get in a fight with everybody about
everything all the time
your life is too short it's going to
pass you by right
so if i'm keeping a score card right the
score card is
you know
who did you convince
that they should join the network
and the way you join the network is you
convert your money from
a different asset
into bitcoin that's the joining of the
network
right and then and and uh uh the more
energy
you attract in the network then
then uh the faster the world's going to
get better so ultimately that's
that's the ultimate utility function
mike appreciate you
capping it off
and wise words something
i need to think about because i guess
i'm one of those
people who's still quite hot-blooded and
very prone to be
uh
baited
to use your terminology but um
yeah this has been um this has been a
great discussion so
yeah once again really appreciate you
taking the time and i hope we can do
this again to kind of go into some of
the um
the other things i i i really think this
idea of
trying to
imagine
what bitcoin means
for civilization long term which is why
like i wrote that great filter piece i'm
trying to think of like
you know this notion of a timeline of
before bitcoin and after bitcoin being
like a
a real
way that will measure civilization in in
the future like i i don't know if there
has been something as important as this
um
but yeah i'd love to
dig down that rabbit hole at some stage
in the future and
thank you for all the work you're doing
um everything that you're doing at
microstrategy and
yeah just put putting so much time into
helping people understand
what the hell this thing is
my pleasure
it's great to spend time with you keep
up the good work thank you and i'll talk
to you soon absolutely take care man