SaylorCorpus

Michael Saylor - Bitcoin Is Energy - Interview Part 3

Bitcoin Magazine · 2022-07-28 · 1h 42m · View on YouTube →

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i want to talk to you about engineering

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you were on lex's pod recently and you

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sort of said that

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civilization gets a b plus in

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engineering and and the philosophies

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or the economic sort of area gets a d

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minus

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you know

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largely because we've made progress and

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you know we've had a bit of a wash uh in

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that realm

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but i guess

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i want to ask one nuanced piece about

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that is

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technology or engineering seems to be

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far more progressive in nature i mean

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like as in we build

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on top of it

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whereas

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philosophies or

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principles or economics seem to be um

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or morality for example seems to be more

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principled in nature it's not something

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that um

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you know what once you've figured out

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like a methodology for living you know

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or a philosophy of morality for example

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it kind of stays the same right the it's

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it's not like engineering which you sort

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of continue to build on top of

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so i guess first is do you have a

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thought on that and then next i want to

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ask you about engineering for

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complexity because i've got i've got a

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little bit of a

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digression on that

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well i think that to the extent we

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de-politicize things we make progress

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the decision to use steel instead of

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wood in a house

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is is

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not so much political

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and when you build the steel building

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it's demonstrably better

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so the fact that you can demonstrate

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virtue

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in an apolitical way is what causes

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science and technology to advance

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it's not always right if you have a

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theocracy where you can't right like

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look what they did to galileo

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um i mean russian stalin right

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yeah if you have a culture that doesn't

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let you uh do that in a political way

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then you don't advance so fast

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but uh

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generally the advantage of engineering

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disciplines is i can build if i build a

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bad plane it crashes and burns and it's

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obvious

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and if i build a good plane and you get

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it you fly

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it's obvious

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same with ships same with railroads same

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with a lot of things

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same with guns right i mean

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you know you pull the trigger and blows

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up in your face right you know it

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doesn't matter whether

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you're you have this political view or

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that political view you prefer the gun

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that works the way you wanted it to work

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and so

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those things um tend to be very virtue

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driven and they're very darwinian too

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right

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whereas um if you look at uh the fields

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of economics and philosophy we're still

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debating the right form of government

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for 2500 years

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right democracy versus monarchy versus

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autocracy oligarchy versus whatever it

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is there's still a debate we haven't

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resolved that debate really

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i think that i think that those are

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harder

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obviously my my philosophy is if you

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want to better the human condition

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you're better off to invest in technical

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solutions

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political solutions

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and that's that's why i say

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bitcoin as uh digital energy is a

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technical solution

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non-controversial

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the successor to electricity

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bitcoin as a digital currency is a

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political solution

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highly controversial

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revolutionary one is revolutionary

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and the other is evolutionary

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one of them is political the other one

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is technology technical

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one of them

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you know invites

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engineering professors to consider

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whether this is sound or not the other

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invites economic professors

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you know and and so you can see like in

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winning the winning the battle of the

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hearts and the mines are you more likely

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to convince an engineer

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that bitcoin is good or convince an

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economist

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that bitcoin is good i guess it depends

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the kind of economist right um you know

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maybe

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the the modern politically influenced

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economist will be a little bit tougher

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because they won't it's been hard though

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right yeah the majority of economists

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you know aren't even in flavor

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they're not even in favor of a

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non-inflationary currency

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my view is

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we're better off to focus on the

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technology than the politics all right

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then then the the economics

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but if and if we must get involved in

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economics we're better off to focus upon

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just asset allocation

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of assets rather than focus upon

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currency replacements

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currency is always going to be political

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right and the next logical fight is the

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argentines fighting with the americans

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over whether or not argentine

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argentinian citizens can hold u.s

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dollars

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and and if it's going to be a debate

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let the argentine government fight with

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the u.s government over that right i

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mean that

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they the united states is not likely to

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have all their citizens jailed

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while they debate with the argentine

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state department over the dollar problem

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in argentina right

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but you don't want as a bitcoin to go

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down to argentina and have that same

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fight

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you know you're

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you're going to end up in a cage

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coming back to

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the engineering thing so

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i wrote a piece a little while ago

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that looked at

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i was taking some of jordan peterson's

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work and

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he's chapter two in uh his 12 rules for

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life kind of

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takes the reader on a journey about this

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idea of chaos and order and he and he

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talks about matter and what matters

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and i guess the the study of mata could

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be described as more engineering-esque

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it's more empirical in nature

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and particularly over the last 500 years

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there's been a a great skew

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in civilization towards the advancement

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in the study of

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matter right

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things like religion or philosophy or

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economics etc that kind of sits more in

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the um in the realm of what matters and

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you know that's a study of you know how

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to live etc now

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i've i grappled with this idea of

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we've seen so much

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technological or engineering type

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progress

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you know we

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maybe

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in some sense what we've done is we've

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tried to take

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all of the studies of

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what matters so the more um

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you know the more philosophical natured

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things and try to place them in an

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empirical box and use

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engineering type modalities to

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kind of fix them and this sort of

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what i'm getting to here is like the the

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idea of central planning an entire

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economy or

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you know complex systems being able to

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be distilled into these simple models

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and if only

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the variables within the model so like

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these human beings should just be

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variables and if we can fit them in the

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box then everything will be perfect and

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we have these utopian ideals of how

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society should be run so i guess

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i i wonder whether

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we can

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we can fix

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quote unquote fix uh things purely

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through an empirical lens um you know as

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engineers or do we

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can we kind of get ourselves

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stuck there and i mean the the end of my

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essay was basically this idea that

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bitcoin kind of fuses the worlds of

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matter and what matters because bitcoin

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is you know transcends just being a

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technological

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idea like it's it transcends engineering

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it's temporal social cultural and in

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some sense even you've got a religious

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element to it but

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i wonder what your thoughts are there on

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those two worlds because they are both

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important if we skew too far towards the

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empirical then

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you kind of sanitize the life out of

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civilization in a sense

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yeah um i

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i'm not quite sure

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you're getting very philosophical on me

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i guess what i have to say about bitcoin

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is bitcoin represents it is

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matter and energy and cyberspace

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that's the big idea we ought to focus on

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and we ought to be sending that message

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to all engineers everywhere that that

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without bitcoin uh you don't have

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matter or energy

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in cyberspace and everything that exists

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in the in the

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internet domain in the digital domain is

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merely a simulation

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or a model of something in the real

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world

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the significance of you know being able

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to transfer something of value without

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an intermediary

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means

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that if if i can transfer to you without

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an intermediary i can instantiate it or

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i can manifest it without an

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intermediary and that means it stands

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alone in cyberspace rather than being an

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image of something that is in the real

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world the image in the real world makes

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it a security

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whereas

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when you actually manifest the actual

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unit the satoshi in

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the digital realm

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it is matter

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i can create something of substance

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in the digital realm

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using bitcoin

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and if that's the case then

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that that introduces

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the field of engineering and physics

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into cyberspace

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and that's what's been missing in in the

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entire digital realm the digital realm

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for the past 30 years

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lacked matter and energy and you just

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had simulations

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uh and that meant that um

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[Music]

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computer science might have been

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relevant but all the other sciences were

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never relevant

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like all of the all of the learnings of

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mechanical engineering and civil

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engineering and thermodynamics and

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physics and material science and

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aeronautical engineering

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all of those insights they're not

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they're not relevant if there's no

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matter and no energy in the digital

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realm

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so i think that uh that what what makes

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bitcoin magical is that for the first

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time we introduce

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this concept of um

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i mean someone said

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someone on twitter the other day was

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talking about irreversible transactions

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they said why was satoshi so fascinated

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by irreversible transactions

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you know and and they they approached it

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from a you know

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a very s i think a narrow point of view

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the idea like well we can't have

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irreversible transactions because that

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allows

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you know we can't fix money laundering

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and we can't censor and and how do we

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get control of the system

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but my thought was

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yeah satoshi wanted irreversible

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transactions but the idea for

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irreversible transactions came from the

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great almighty when

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the universe was created yes right

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because it you know

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in the beginning let there be light

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right in the beginning there was nothing

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and then there was light well light is

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energy so the first thing that happens

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is energy and then from and matter is

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energy

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and time flows in the beginning right

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before time flew

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before time

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there was nothing yeah maybe it was a

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little simulation at that point yeah

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and so what happens well

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when when you actually introduce the

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concept of irreversibility you introduce

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entropy

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and time

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right the the passive the progression of

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time is the progression of disorder and

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they're inextricably intertwined and the

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matter and energy are inextricably

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intertwined

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and bitcoin is like that big bang

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and in the big bang you know in the

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beginning right there was nothing

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and then all of a sudden the time chain

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starts to form and there's

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irreversibility and now there's the

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passage of time

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and now there's there's

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electricity run through the shaw 256

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protocol

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to become digitized energy

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a digital asset

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the beauty of the protocol was it was

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introduced as a conservative protocol

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not an open-ended protocol

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right uh one that uh

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the universe has a bound of 21 million

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and you know and because we had that

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we had uh for the first time this this

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sort of bearer instrument that

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represents energy that's conservative

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and if i can transfer it to myself to

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yourself without an intermediary then i

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can instantiate it and if i can

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instantiate it i i can persist it

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the ability to persist

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energy

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without an intermediary

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is what allowed us to cut the cord with

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the banks

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now the money flowing over the internet

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wasn't wasn't um

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a reflection it wasn't a shadow of the

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money

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in the visa network it wasn't a shadow

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of the money in a bank

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right to paraphrase you know plato's you

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know shadows in the cave terrible

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it's like are you looking at shadows or

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you're looking at the real thing yeah

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everything was shadows of the real thing

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until satoshi

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and now we actually have the real thing

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also known as uh you know reif reified

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information but reified fancy word for

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objective you know an object right a

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materialization

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materialized

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information so you could say it's

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materialized information or you could

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say it was

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dematerialized energy which is the

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the opposite way to say the same thing

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[Music]

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if you're focused upon matter

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and and matter is relevant because

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matter is conservative

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the most extraordinary thing is the

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creation of matter in cyberspace

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because

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now i can construct a billion dollar

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structure in cyberspace

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apart from

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any institution or individual right

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you could literally release the thing in

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cyberspace and it can live on its own

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you want to you could in theory create

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some kind of program an ai program that

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was wealthy that could live forever

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with assets or with wealth

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that is uh

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completely separate from

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any any physical

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counterparty

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right there and

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that um

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that has all sorts of implications for

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um efficiency through time and space and

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persistence

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yeah there's an engineering

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specifically what you said about um the

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forward movement of time i think

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when that dawned on me a number of years

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ago and i've kind of written about this

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before and

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often said that bitcoin's greatest

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impact on human civilization is the

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reintroduction of consequence and and i

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think

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these two things

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uh interplay with each other here is

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that the fact that

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bitcoin

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makes matter and cyberspace to use your

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words

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kind of

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when you're in a simulation and there's

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no consequence and you can just behave

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the way you want um you create these

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sort of deviations it doesn't function

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like real life anymore

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but when you reintroduce a consequence

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then you need to think twice about what

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you're doing and it is like the forward

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motion of time in reality because if i

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go tomorrow and jump off a cliff and i

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die there's no rewind button i can't fix

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that um and it's the same way as if i

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send some bitcoin to the wrong address

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there's there's no reversibility so so

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it's like a mapping

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that the map actually fits the territory

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for the first time in

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civilization's history and that

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consequence piece for me is really

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interesting because then it links back

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a healthier

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study

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of what matters

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when we said before like the study of

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what matter is like you know you've had

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all these things like religion and

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philosophy etc they've been

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an attempt to try and grapple with how

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one must behave when contended with the

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consequence of actions in the real world

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because we've kind of built all these

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fantasy models when it comes to whether

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politics or economics or all this other

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shit that's going on in the world today

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everything's kind of like playing

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pretend like i saw on the news this

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morning i was on the at the gym and i

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saw um

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president biden uh

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tells the states to lower the price of

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gas it's like

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you can't just pretend your way into

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like fixing a problem um and this is you

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know bitcoin kind of removes that

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ability to pretend

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by reintroducing consequence it it like

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i don't know it fixes that dynamic

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between matter and what matters

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yeah well you know we're skeptical of

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central planning for obvious reasons

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things that work well

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work well because they're beyond the

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domain of politics

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economics philosophy politics all these

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things are political in nature and that

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means that central

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uh central planners and politicians can

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intervene and will intervene

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and generally the interventions are all

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well-meaning and ineffective

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and the more interventions they have

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the more pain caused and

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the best cases are just well-meaning and

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effective and economically crippling and

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the worst case is they're well-meaning

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and effectively and devastating they

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create war and destruction and and

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topple the entire civilization right

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so things that are beautiful are things

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in nature

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that are beyond the reach of politics

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a politician can't stop the force of

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gravity

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you know like all these people say you

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know why would i ever want to have an

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irreversible transaction well like when

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you drop a rock off of off a cliff it's

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irreversible transaction

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why would you want to have it well

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because every machine works based upon

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those principles right if i want to

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build a dam i need to know that the

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water always flows downhill and then no

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politician is going to cause the water

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to flow uphill randomly you know per

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code because it breaks the dam

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internal combustion engines work on

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principles you know

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hot air expands pistons fire

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you know

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centrifugal forces at work

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you can't build a mechanism

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[Music]

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without

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energy and matter and natural law and no

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political intervention

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that means

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if there is no matter in cyberspace

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then nothing you do in ma in cyberspace

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matters yeah and that's why you get

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that's why you get 180 million fake

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accounts on twitter every year

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because nothing

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matters

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and uh that's why you get all the

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garbage and the spam and the phishing

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attacks and and the toxicity because

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nothing matters

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and when things start to matter there

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are consequences

0:21:08

and when there are consequences

0:21:12

you know

0:21:14

there's nothing

0:21:16

there's nothing unhealthy in nature

0:21:18

because nature recycles every unhealthy

0:21:21

thing very quickly

0:21:23

i i had a goose on my property the other

0:21:26

day and it broke a leg

0:21:28

you know a gosling a small goose and

0:21:30

there's like 50 other geese too so i

0:21:33

have a lot of geese but this one broke a

0:21:35

leg and we tried to save it by putting

0:21:37

it in the pond and it lasted one day and

0:21:39

the next day i got up and i just saw a

0:21:40

bunch of goose

0:21:42

feathers

0:21:43

all around the garden no goose

0:21:45

oh well it's like

0:21:48

right either the fox got it or now got

0:21:50

it you know and and there's nothing to

0:21:52

be done about it you know you're not

0:21:54

going to see anything that isn't healthy

0:21:58

in nature

0:22:00

no lawyers no courts

0:22:02

right no no appeal

0:22:04

and um

0:22:10

you can't you know

0:22:10

you can't create a mechanism

0:22:12

without matter and energy

0:22:15

and so if i if i

0:22:17

what's the difference right well if if

0:22:19

the transaction is reversible

0:22:23

then i can transfer the money every two

0:22:26

months and the money velocity is six

0:22:28

times per year

0:22:31

if the transaction is not reverse or is

0:22:34

irreversible

0:22:36

i can uh

0:22:39

move it

0:22:40

every hour right

0:22:42

thousands of times a year on the base

0:22:44

layer but i could move it every second

0:22:48

on lightning

0:22:49

or i can put it on a layer three

0:22:53

and tweak it a bit and i can move it a

0:22:55

thousand times a second

0:22:58

so what's the difference between

0:22:59

reversible or political and and

0:23:02

irreversible

0:23:04

right and uh

0:23:05

i gotta say like today i picked up the

0:23:07

phone and i approved a wire transfer

0:23:09

from a bank to another bank

0:23:13

i could do 10 transactions per week

0:23:15

on the phone

0:23:17

that's the 20th century way using people

0:23:20

and reversible transactions

0:23:23

and the velocity when you go to

0:23:25

irreversible and matter and energy

0:23:28

is going to go to a kilohertz or 10

0:23:31

kilohertz

0:23:32

or a thousand kilohertz

0:23:35

and so it's not like 10x better or 100 x

0:23:37

better or a thousand x better

0:23:41

it's like

0:23:42

try singing a paradigm yeah exactly

0:23:46

try singing a song by like tapping your

0:23:49

foot on a rock

0:23:50

as fast as you can

0:23:52

yeah and you see it's you can't

0:23:55

you know beethoven symphonies are not

0:23:57

gonna come you know

0:23:59

due to one guy hitting himself over the

0:24:02

head with a rock

0:24:04

[Music]

0:24:06

and that's what we're trying to do right

0:24:07

now alex right

0:24:10

everything we built in cyberspace right

0:24:13

they're shadows of reality

0:24:16

and as much as we tell ourself

0:24:19

we built something functional

0:24:22

it's uh

0:24:27

what is it it's like it's a grotesque

0:24:27

it's a grotesque monstrosity of

0:24:30

something functional it's like

0:24:33

you can spin up five hundred thousand

0:24:35

accounts a day on twitter haha they're

0:24:37

all fake

0:24:40

you know you can you can place one

0:24:42

thousand comments

0:24:44

a minute on twitter they're all toxic

0:24:46

garbage fake

0:24:49

right they're fake because there's no

0:24:51

consequences there's no matter there's

0:24:52

no energy so we create things

0:24:55

that have the appearance of

0:24:57

functionality but they're not truly

0:24:59

beautiful and they're not functional

0:25:07

if we actually take this to the next

0:25:07

extreme

0:25:12

consider consider all the buildings in

0:25:12

the world constructed with steel

0:25:15

now take away all the steel

0:25:17

and consider what the world looks like

0:25:20

now consider all the structures in

0:25:22

cyberspace built without bitcoin

0:25:29

nothing beautiful

0:25:29

every you know everything twisted and

0:25:32

perverted in some way shape or form

0:25:36

now now imagine we introduce a crypto

0:25:39

steel

0:25:40

this thing we call bitcoin digital enter

0:25:42

you know we run machines in cyberspace

0:25:45

on digital energy

0:25:47

and we build uh walls and buildings and

0:25:50

structures and fortresses in cyberspace

0:25:53

with digital matter

0:25:56

and now for the first time

0:25:58

there are consequences and things do

0:26:00

matter

0:26:06

and what what beautiful machines will we

0:26:13

and uh and what kind of you know toxic

0:26:13

garbage will we purge

0:26:16

from the system

0:26:18

you start just by giving everybody on

0:26:20

twitter an orange check and get rid of

0:26:23

all the bots get rid of all the fake

0:26:25

accounts

0:26:27

just get rid of everything

0:26:29

get rid of all the scammers i think

0:26:31

all the scammers on youtube i think uh

0:26:34

as far as i can see

0:26:36

there have been 25 000

0:26:38

michael sailor bitcoin giveaway scams

0:26:40

launched in the past six months

0:26:42

25 000.

0:26:45

okay so what's what's the cost to that i

0:26:48

spend a million dollars a year trying to

0:26:49

fight that

0:26:52

a million dollars a year

0:26:54

like with people like with these kind of

0:26:55

headaches you know it's

0:26:57

the world's full of that kind of stuff

0:27:01

and uh and

0:27:02

the problem is we just don't have uh the

0:27:05

right materials

0:27:07

working in the digital realm

0:27:10

so when i

0:27:12

go ahead no i was just gonna say it

0:27:14

reminds me of two things one is um an

0:27:16

analogy that i used in a recent article

0:27:18

called the blind man analogy i say that

0:27:20

the way

0:27:22

society seems to operate today is like a

0:27:25

a blind man attempting to build a house

0:27:27

with an elastic tape measure um and you

0:27:30

know bitcoin kind of gives us

0:27:32

a tape measure and actually gives us

0:27:34

sight so you know

0:27:36

it the the level of difference in the

0:27:38

two kind of structures

0:27:40

could be described by that kind of

0:27:42

analogy it's like a sighted person with

0:27:44

an actual tape measure versus a blind

0:27:45

person with a with an elastic tape

0:27:47

measure but

0:27:49

i wanted to just park that analogy

0:27:51

the the interesting thing about fixing

0:27:55

matter in the digital realm is that

0:27:58

you introduce cost you introduce

0:27:59

consequence

0:28:00

it actually i would argue that a lot of

0:28:03

these so-called innovation and this is

0:28:05

something that i think peter thiel would

0:28:07

probably echo is that

0:28:09

we've seen so-called software eat the

0:28:11

world but do it in a strange sort of way

0:28:13

where as you said like we've got all

0:28:15

these perverted innovations like we

0:28:17

don't need another

0:28:19

you know

0:28:20

dick pic app full of bots and you know

0:28:22

god knows what else is in there like

0:28:23

we've got actual problems in the sp in

0:28:26

the realm of atoms not of bits that need

0:28:28

to be solved but there is a skew to go

0:28:31

towards innovation in bits and bytes and

0:28:34

dematerialization all this sort of stuff

0:28:36

because

0:28:37

it's it's all made up it's all fantasy

0:28:39

there's no economic cost there's no

0:28:41

consequence so it's just like

0:28:43

this weird self-reinforcing game where

0:28:47

i i think most of the innovation all of

0:28:49

the brains all the engineering power

0:28:51

that the world has seems to have gone

0:28:53

into financial engineering and

0:28:57

mindless software engineering where and

0:28:59

all of the meaningful problems are not

0:29:01

being solved because there's been this

0:29:03

lack of

0:29:05

anchor in the digital realm back to the

0:29:08

physical realm and i think that is a

0:29:11

an underappreciated element of what i

0:29:14

think bitcoin fixes in the world to a

0:29:16

large degree and i don't know

0:29:18

what that means long term you know maybe

0:29:21

quality over quantity you know maybe

0:29:23

pushing the world towards

0:29:26

you know solving so-called problems that

0:29:29

have been too

0:29:30

quote-unquote expensive to solve or the

0:29:32

opportunity cost

0:29:33

uh being too expensive because it's

0:29:35

easier to just build another random

0:29:37

software product that

0:29:38

doesn't actually solve a problem but

0:29:40

makes some vc some money

0:29:43

i think the real interesting innovative

0:29:45

work is uh to be done

0:29:47

on top of bitcoin either

0:29:50

uh developing expanding new lightning

0:29:53

libraries and the light you know

0:29:55

harnessing the lightning protocol or

0:29:56

building applications using various

0:29:58

parts of lightning protocol

0:30:00

or improving it

0:30:02

or building on layer threes and just

0:30:04

building proprietary centralized

0:30:06

applications

0:30:08

that that have bitcoin embedded in them

0:30:11

and i think that there's been an under

0:30:12

investment in that and there's been an

0:30:14

over investment in creating new base

0:30:16

layer chains

0:30:18

way too much focus on proof-of-stake

0:30:21

networks and like 19

0:30:25

coins

0:30:27

you know i look at all of it and and i

0:30:29

you know i'm hard-pressed to see but

0:30:32

endless recursive

0:30:35

financial engineering yeah without

0:30:37

solving the fundamental problems

0:30:40

whereas the fundamental problems that

0:30:42

are interesting are things like

0:30:44

like um if you can stream sats

0:30:48

then um you know why couldn't i actually

0:30:50

spend up a state of spaces where uh

0:30:53

anybody that shows up that meets a

0:30:54

certain credential filter

0:30:56

gets uh a hundred sats a second or a

0:30:59

thousand sats a second

0:31:02

and then i'd literally be like

0:31:05

shining sunshine on you

0:31:08

right like if i if i stream sats by the

0:31:10

second or by or by the millisecond it's

0:31:12

literally like shining sunshine sunshine

0:31:15

is light

0:31:16

sats are energy like quanta of energy

0:31:20

and if you did that then uh you could

0:31:23

turn into a marketing application

0:31:25

and i think people are starting to think

0:31:26

about this like marketing apps where you

0:31:28

like uh

0:31:30

listen to earn

0:31:34

why would i do that well if you're a phd

0:31:36

cardiologist and i want to attract a

0:31:38

bunch of phd cardiologists and

0:31:41

maybe i would set up something where

0:31:42

they get paid some money to come and

0:31:44

join my space to help me solve a problem

0:31:46

and so

0:31:48

that would be a marketing application

0:31:50

and every marketing person in the world

0:31:52

could create these systems that radiate

0:31:55

money radiate energy

0:31:57

and you can flip it the other way which

0:31:59

is i'm going to suck the energy out of

0:32:02

if you want to enter my space you're

0:32:04

going to have to pay 100 sats a second

0:32:06

or a thousand cents a second right and

0:32:09

that's a that's another

0:32:11

another form of friction

0:32:13

and then you can create

0:32:14

lightning walls or like a firewall where

0:32:17

you have to pledge

0:32:19

a hundred thousand or ten thousand sats

0:32:21

to enter across the wall

0:32:23

and you may forfeit it

0:32:25

you know like

0:32:27

you know what it's like if you enter a

0:32:28

burning building

0:32:30

if you go to a burning building in the

0:32:32

real world you would walk in and then

0:32:34

it's going to get hot

0:32:36

and then at some point you're going to

0:32:37

start to burn

0:32:38

and then eventually you'll be dead

0:32:41

right that's consequence now burning

0:32:43

building

0:32:44

can you create a burning building in

0:32:46

cyberspace you can create sunshine in

0:32:49

cyberspace or you can create a fire in

0:32:51

cyberspace you can create a heat sink

0:32:54

you can create a wall

0:32:56

you can rip down the wall

0:32:59

you can

0:33:00

you can create any number of structures

0:33:02

and and you can implement the structures

0:33:05

with the frequency that's machine speed

0:33:08

so you could create very intricate

0:33:10

mechanisms that might run a million

0:33:13

times faster than a physical mechanism

0:33:16

that have friction

0:33:18

friction and consequence and and uh they

0:33:21

exchange kinetic energy and potential

0:33:23

energy and you can use those things to

0:33:26

clean up

0:33:27

all the social media platforms you can

0:33:30

use them to solve enterprise cyber

0:33:31

security issues

0:33:33

you can use them to revolutionize

0:33:35

marketing you can revolutionize sales

0:33:37

you can change the nature of products

0:33:40

and services

0:33:42

the uh

0:33:43

people just need to think differently

0:33:47

what we've never

0:33:49

what if i could put enough electricity

0:33:52

in a tesla to drive it for 10 years

0:33:56

what if i invented a fusion reactor and

0:33:59

i put a sugar cube in the reactor and

0:34:01

that operated the car for a decade well

0:34:03

that would be kind of interesting an

0:34:05

everlasting immortal car

0:34:08

that draws energy from a reactor well so

0:34:10

what if i could do with electricity well

0:34:12

i can't because the battery would have

0:34:14

to be 10 000 times better

0:34:16

well what if i did it with a bitcoin

0:34:18

what if i put

0:34:21

uh 50 000 worth of bitcoin into the car

0:34:24

in the chip

0:34:26

and then what if the bitcoin ran through

0:34:28

a exchange and then it ran through a

0:34:31

electric power provider and the car was

0:34:33

just continually replenished

0:34:36

off of the bitcoin for the life of car

0:34:40

i could i could build a power source

0:34:43

into the car what if i what if i built

0:34:45

it into anything what if i built it into

0:34:47

the house

0:34:48

like it's uh

0:34:50

the the conventional way to think about

0:34:52

this is

0:34:53

is i gave you something with an

0:34:55

endowment to pay for its perpetual

0:34:57

upkeep

0:34:58

like a perpetual

0:35:00

a perpetual annuity

0:35:02

well what if i create a perpetual

0:35:04

annuity but i do it with bitcoin and

0:35:06

then i attach it to a piece a piece of

0:35:08

hardware

0:35:09

you could attach to a hardware wallet

0:35:10

right i mean like

0:35:12

you could you could attach it to a

0:35:14

program you could then if you then start

0:35:17

to go back to this issue of frequency

0:35:19

and vibration

0:35:21

and you create products that interplay

0:35:23

with each other you can create

0:35:25

all sorts of interesting new fascinating

0:35:27

products that might they might have

0:35:29

marketing impact they might have a

0:35:31

product value they might be a product in

0:35:34

themselves it might be a differentiator

0:35:37

might uh might have a security value

0:35:40

all of that stuff is

0:35:42

layer two layer three layer four layer

0:35:45

five innovation

0:35:47

and uh that market is really embryonic

0:35:49

not a little bit's being done there

0:35:51

right i mean you know some of the

0:35:53

lightning entrepreneurs but i would say

0:35:55

we're year two

0:35:56

of lightning and of that of that

0:35:59

ecosystem

0:36:01

and the lightning protocol is going to

0:36:03

evolve and improve it needs to and then

0:36:05

there are a lot of things you don't even

0:36:06

need that you could do it in a layer 3

0:36:09

proprietary

0:36:10

protocol but the these are the

0:36:13

breakthrough

0:36:14

ways to be thinking

0:36:16

and i guess the analogy would be

0:36:22

um when you use the same technology like

0:36:22

say you say you

0:36:24

if you've ever been to europe and you

0:36:25

travel around europe you see that all of

0:36:27

the buildings

0:36:29

um built before the before 1900

0:36:33

they're all six stories high

0:36:35

like pretty much six stories is the

0:36:37

engineering limit of masonry you know

0:36:41

concrete brick structures with wood

0:36:44

framing and the like

0:36:46

and also it's kind of the human factors

0:36:48

limit without an elevator

0:36:51

you know you can you can't walk up 12

0:36:54

stories even if you could build a

0:36:55

building but you probably can't

0:36:57

structurally

0:36:58

build the building and have it not

0:36:59

collapse

0:37:02

you got by the way i suspect that

0:37:05

in rome

0:37:06

the tallest buildings were also six

0:37:08

stories

0:37:09

so for about two thousand years maybe

0:37:11

three thousand years

0:37:13

people were pretty much stuck

0:37:15

and you could endlessly re-engineer and

0:37:19

attempt to improve things but the

0:37:20

materials are the limiting factor

0:37:24

when steel comes along

0:37:26

now you can re-imagine 10-story 20-story

0:37:29

40-story buildings combine steel with

0:37:32

you know the concept of um

0:37:34

of an elevator or the like with a little

0:37:37

bit of electricity

0:37:39

and uh and now the entire world of civil

0:37:41

engineering explodes with a renaissance

0:37:44

of creativity

0:37:46

and so materials

0:37:48

hold back a given field the steel was an

0:37:51

important material

0:37:54

you know if you calculate the energy

0:37:56

density of oil and compare it to coal or

0:37:59

compare it to wind

0:38:01

i went from rowing to sail to you know

0:38:05

coal steam

0:38:07

uh powered uh engines to eventually

0:38:10

diesel but diesel was the big

0:38:12

breakthrough

0:38:14

and it changed all you know all

0:38:16

logistics all all maritime engineering

0:38:19

automotive engineering

0:38:22

you put steel together with

0:38:23

sorry you put aluminum together with

0:38:25

diesel

0:38:27

and you get the airplane

0:38:33

and you take away those two things right

0:38:33

no internal combustion engine

0:38:36

no no oil

0:38:38

and no uh

0:38:39

no aluminum

0:38:40

no steel the civilization disappears

0:38:45

i've used the metaphor crypto steel

0:38:47

right bitcoin really is that crypto

0:38:49

steel it's not just digital energy it's

0:38:51

digital matter but it's a very

0:38:53

particular type of matter it's it's a

0:38:55

tough enough matter

0:38:56

that you could build something that you

0:38:59

could reasonably

0:39:00

expect to layer

0:39:03

well i i

0:39:04

what do i want i want the building to

0:39:07

a hundred years but i also want it to be

0:39:09

a hundred stories high

0:39:11

and a hundred stories high is working

0:39:13

against gravity right and if you think

0:39:16

about the the energy and gravity on the

0:39:19

100th story versus the first you know

0:39:21

the first level of the building you

0:39:23

needed some kind of material that had

0:39:26

enormous

0:39:27

energy density metallic energy

0:39:30

and steel is the highest density

0:39:34

metallic form of energy or the most

0:39:36

powerful metallic energy

0:39:40

manifested as matter

0:39:43

right but if you ever walked into a

0:39:44

steel refinery and you looked at how

0:39:45

they created it there would be no doubt

0:39:47

in your mind a lot of energy goes into

0:39:50

extraordinary energy goes into it in

0:39:53

order to in order to create that

0:39:54

material

0:39:56

so i think if we if we look forward in

0:39:59

the coming age the human races

0:40:02

is held back

0:40:04

by lack of certain materials

0:40:06

and when you find the material

0:40:11

you can leap forward and you can break

0:40:13

through all of these constraints

0:40:17

and we have not even scratched the

0:40:19

surface there must be ten thousand

0:40:20

different areas

0:40:22

that you can re-imagine

0:40:24

with bitcoin as the material we are we

0:40:27

spent a lot of time talking about

0:40:29

reimagining

0:40:32

nation-state currencies

0:40:35

but i mean that's the heaviest lift if

0:40:37

you think about it right the single

0:40:39

thing people fight over the most is

0:40:41

probably nation state currency if we

0:40:43

just go back to reimagining a family's

0:40:45

balance sheet or a company's balance

0:40:48

sheet

0:40:49

or reimagine a store a value asset

0:40:53

and then we start reimagining um an

0:40:56

insurance policy

0:40:58

and we we re-imagine uh maybe a bank and

0:41:02

we re-imagine

0:41:04

a social network and we reimagine um

0:41:08

um a firewall

0:41:12

there's a lot of other things we have

0:41:13

yet to reimagine they're a lot less

0:41:15

controversial they're more they're

0:41:17

either financial innovation or their

0:41:20

technology innovation of sorts

0:41:22

all of those things

0:41:24

are are just waiting for the right

0:41:26

bitcoin entrepreneur

0:41:28

to go and build that product or that

0:41:31

service and that offering and run with

0:41:33

it and uh i i think that uh

0:41:38

it's a very auspicious thing for me i

0:41:40

think there'll be extraordinary

0:41:41

opportunities there and if we're gonna

0:41:43

if we're gonna make the human race uh or

0:41:46

improve the human condition

0:41:49

i think re-engineering all those things

0:41:51

with digital energy

0:41:54

is uh

0:41:55

is critical

0:41:57

and uh

0:41:58

and it's our opportunity

0:42:00

can i say one more thing by the way yeah

0:42:05

there is um a lot of confusion in the

0:42:09

entire crypto community about about uh

0:42:12

what i mean when i say digital energy

0:42:14

and whether bitcoin is digital energy

0:42:16

and you just see people trolling me all

0:42:18

the time saying it's not energy it's not

0:42:20

energy you know blah blah

0:42:22

you don't understand

0:42:24

and uh

0:42:25

i don't really want to get in debates on

0:42:26

twitter right because you're not going

0:42:28

to change somebody's mind about some

0:42:29

deep idea in 280 characters so you just

0:42:33

irritate people

0:42:37

i think it's worthwhile just for us to

0:42:39

to focus upon this issue of what does it

0:42:42

mean to be digital yeah for example

0:42:45

what is digital music

0:42:48

i have a piano

0:42:50

and uh

0:42:52

if i take a steinway piano and i sit

0:42:53

down and i play the piano i've given you

0:42:56

analog music and them and that music

0:42:58

persist only for a few minutes in time

0:43:02

and then it goes away

0:43:04

and it's very expensive to manufacture

0:43:06

that music

0:43:08

i kind of i kind of think of that the

0:43:10

same way i think of taking a shovel and

0:43:12

shoveling as hard as i can or or gearing

0:43:15

up on a rowing machine to generate a

0:43:17

kilowatt hour of energy it's a lot of

0:43:21

i i created it and then it disappears

0:43:27

now there's something called a sp

0:43:27

steinway spirio piano i actually could

0:43:30

put a sphero unit on my piano and it's a

0:43:32

digitizer and i could sit down and i can

0:43:36

uh piano concerto

0:43:38

right or ragtime and i put the record on

0:43:41

and it records

0:43:44

the song perfectly

0:43:50

now it becomes a file

0:43:50

it is a is a digital file

0:43:52

that file can be transferred

0:43:55

anywhere in the world they put it on a

0:43:56

network

0:43:58

so now i download that file to a

0:44:01

different piano

0:44:03

in a different city

0:44:05

and i punch a button

0:44:07

and it runs the file

0:44:08

back into the piano it pulls some

0:44:10

electricity out of the wall

0:44:13

right and it decodes the file

0:44:16

and then the electricity uh fires up

0:44:18

some actuators the actuators strike the

0:44:20

keys and the song plays itself

0:44:27

i can play the song a thousand times

0:44:27

i can play the song

0:44:29

five years after it was recorded i can

0:44:31

play it

0:44:32

i can play songs that were recorded by

0:44:35

someone in the 1920s on my piano today

0:44:39

it's digital music

0:44:42

the file

0:44:43

is the digital music

0:44:47

don't have a spirio piano to play it on

0:44:54

you might say well then it's not digital

0:44:54

music but the file is still digital

0:44:56

music

0:44:57

if i'm deaf and i can't hear it is it

0:44:59

still digital music the answer is yeah

0:45:01

it's digital music

0:45:03

i can deliver you

0:45:05

millions and millions of songs

0:45:08

to any of those to that device anytime

0:45:11

any place maybe a thousand years from

0:45:14

a thousand years from now you know

0:45:16

you'll listen to a great piano player

0:45:17

play rock mononof on that piano

0:45:22

if i wish to transcend time and space i

0:45:25

i digitally transformed the music from

0:45:27

analog to digital

0:45:29

and then when i want to listen to it

0:45:31

again and enjoy it i transform it back

0:45:34

from digital back to analog i reverse

0:45:36

the transaction and it involves some

0:45:39

machines some

0:45:41

some electricity some computer chips on

0:45:43

either side

0:45:45

now let's take

0:45:46

energy

0:45:48

i run a nuclear power plant

0:45:51

i generate a billion dollars worth of

0:45:56

i can pump it into the grid it'll be

0:45:58

gone in a few minutes

0:46:01

a thousand years from now it's gone i i

0:46:04

generated near 2022. in the year 3022

0:46:07

it's gone that's that's analog energy

0:46:09

that is electricity

0:46:11

if i take the billion dollars of

0:46:13

electricity

0:46:14

and instead

0:46:15

i sell it for a billion dollars of

0:46:18

political energy we call dollars

0:46:21

then i trade the political energy for

0:46:23

digital energy we call bitcoin

0:46:26

and i have a billion dollars of bitcoin

0:46:29

the bitcoin is a file i have transformed

0:46:32

analog energy into digital energy

0:46:36

now when i move the file from me to you

0:46:39

i lose it you have it and the difference

0:46:42

between that file

0:46:45

and a digital music file is the music is

0:46:47

not conservative and

0:46:49

the bitcoin is conservative and so when

0:46:52

i sent you the music file i kept the

0:46:54

but when i send you the bitcoin there's

0:46:56

no double spend i lost the copy

0:46:59

so when i transfer the billion dollar

0:47:02

file the in this pays the keys it could

0:47:04

just be transferring the keys and you

0:47:06

know a lot of ways we can do it but

0:47:09

at the end of the day i can create a

0:47:11

file with the private keys and i can

0:47:12

move them at the speed of light i can

0:47:14

move them a million times

0:47:16

a second right on a layer 3 if i want to

0:47:20

i can slice them multiplex them

0:47:22

oscillate them vibrate them

0:47:25

however and i can store them for a

0:47:27

thousand years or 100 years or 10 years

0:47:30

or one year i can send it to tokyo

0:47:33

and when you receive the file in tokyo

0:47:34

you want the electricity back you

0:47:36

convert the you convert the bitcoin into

0:47:38

yen the the yen into electricity and now

0:47:40

you've got a billion dollars worth of

0:47:42

electricity in tokyo with no energy loss

0:47:46

right price right now the

0:47:49

the the loss would be maybe a few basis

0:47:51

points in the trade depending upon the

0:47:53

state of the exchanges and if they're

0:47:56

inexpensive exchanges okay well maybe

0:47:58

you lose 50 basis points or 100 basis

0:48:00

points call that friction

0:48:02

you lose 600 basis points just to move

0:48:05

the electricity down a power line a few

0:48:07

miles so so 600 basis points is the

0:48:11

transaction fee right now

0:48:13

you can get to 60 probably 30.

0:48:17

last i checked the transaction fee on

0:48:19

the bitcoin network was one basis point

0:48:22

like you were literally paying 1 100 of

0:48:24

a percent of the value transferred as

0:48:27

transaction fee

0:48:29

and that was pretty extraordinary to me

0:48:33

so when i am

0:48:35

when i think of and refer to bitcoin as

0:48:36

digital energy what i mean is you can

0:48:39

literally transfer you can transform any

0:48:41

form of energy and people need to think

0:48:43

more broadly oil is energy natural gas

0:48:46

is energy electricity is energy money is

0:48:48

energy euros yen one or energy food is

0:48:51

energy work is energy

0:48:53

water in a dam upstream is energy

0:48:56

they're all energy

0:48:58

and you transform them into different

0:49:00

types of energy eventually

0:49:03

you're gonna you'll probably flip

0:49:04

through a political energy we call fiat

0:49:06

currency and then you'll convert that

0:49:09

these are heat exchangers or energy

0:49:11

exchanges right

0:49:12

you're just transforming one one type of

0:49:15

energy another what is vibration

0:49:18

vibration literally

0:49:19

is the transformation of energy from one

0:49:22

form to another form

0:49:24

right like pendulum

0:49:27

this is potential energy this is kinetic

0:49:29

energy

0:49:30

potential kinetic i i it's continually

0:49:32

with a sine wave vibrating

0:49:35

just like that guitar is vibrating

0:49:38

potential energy to kinetic energy

0:49:41

when you're when you're vibrating energy

0:49:43

between the dollar and the bitcoin and

0:49:45

back to the dollar and into electricity

0:49:47

and back to the bitcoin you're just

0:49:49

vibrating it

0:49:51

and you've got a little bit of energy

0:49:52

lost but not that much

0:49:54

and if it's and if there's not very much

0:49:56

energy loss you get a resonating

0:49:58

frequency

0:50:00

you know you strike something and it'll

0:50:02

it'll actually hum

0:50:05

right forever right a long long time and

0:50:08

what's an example of something that's uh

0:50:10

resonating for a long time a laser beam

0:50:13

through space

0:50:15

go for a long time

0:50:17

long way

0:50:20

once you start to understand that idea

0:50:23

right that

0:50:24

uh that uh

0:50:27

a file with the keys to bitcoin is

0:50:30

digital energy just like a file

0:50:33

with uh

0:50:34

a song on it is musical energy

0:50:37

just like a file with a map on it is

0:50:40

sorry is a digital music and a file with

0:50:45

a map on it is just digital information

0:50:47

or a digital map they're all just

0:50:49

digital transformations

0:50:51

and the reason you transform them

0:50:52

digitally is so that you can vibrate

0:50:55

them at any frequency and store them uh

0:50:59

with no uh degradation right move them

0:51:02

in a friction free programmatic fashion

0:51:04

and store them forever

0:51:06

like i i can't store my oil

0:51:10

or my electricity forever

0:51:12

and i can't program it decompose it

0:51:15

recompose it and oscillate or vibrate it

0:51:19

and uh that's why i want it digital but

0:51:21

as soon as you break that idea and you

0:51:23

realize that

0:51:24

once you've digitally transformed it

0:51:30

the sky's the limit because at that

0:51:31

point

0:51:33

you can write programs and machines that

0:51:35

do 10 million things an hour with it

0:51:37

you can you can decompose it and vibrate

0:51:40

it you know in different forms between a

0:51:43

100 000 counter parties in an hour i

0:51:45

mean who knows where that leads

0:51:49

one one very useful application we've

0:51:51

talked about it just

0:51:53

if you simply implement this as um a

0:51:56

form of cyber security to

0:52:00

post a security deposit as you transfer

0:52:03

through cyberspace or move through

0:52:04

cyberspace the average person will click

0:52:07

through hundreds of web pages a day

0:52:10

so if you're actually posting and

0:52:13

retrieving your deposit hundreds of

0:52:15

times a day that's a much higher

0:52:17

frequency transaction than any

0:52:19

purchase in get transactions you ever go

0:52:21

through

0:52:23

you couldn't do it

0:52:25

if you didn't have efficiency because if

0:52:27

you lost one percent of your money every

0:52:29

time you you went from site to site you

0:52:31

would have no money left after an hour

0:52:35

and so you can see the skin gets flayed

0:52:37

off your body because there's just so

0:52:39

much friction

0:52:40

so when i eliminate that

0:52:43

i i think the right metaphor is like

0:52:45

what if i invented something

0:52:49

that uh

0:52:51

you could

0:52:52

what if i had a machine you could hold

0:52:53

it in your hand you pointed anything and

0:52:55

it made it weightless

0:52:57

like a you know a levitator what if i

0:53:00

could make your car weightless what if

0:53:02

you could make anything

0:53:04

weightless a building a ship

0:53:07

a plane

0:53:08

a tree anything

0:53:11

click

0:53:12

it's weightless

0:53:15

think about the implications for

0:53:16

logistics and construction and the like

0:53:19

it's like putting if you can make it

0:53:21

weightless you can put it in orbit

0:53:23

then you can re-imagine

0:53:26

the entire civilization

0:53:28

and when when we convert physical energy

0:53:31

and physical matter

0:53:34

to digital energy and digital matter

0:53:37

in cyberspace it's weightless

0:53:40

and and you can play with the with the

0:53:42

concept of time and frequency and scale

0:53:49

right some something in orbit will orbit

0:53:49

forever right it's like the the

0:53:51

difference between getting into orbit

0:53:53

and getting almost into orbit is almost

0:53:56

in orbit as you burn up in a couple of

0:53:57

minutes or a couple of seconds into

0:54:00

orbit and you orbit forever

0:54:02

right to the end of time

0:54:04

you know or at least until something

0:54:05

else slams into you

0:54:07

and so

0:54:08

digital energy is about putting energy

0:54:10

into orbit it's about putting something

0:54:12

real into cyberspace and the profound

0:54:15

idea is if if you can create digital

0:54:17

energy you can create digital matter if

0:54:19

you can create digital matter you can

0:54:21

create something that matters

0:54:24

and now the passage of time and and the

0:54:27

onset of entropy

0:54:29

allows you to construct

0:54:32

something

0:54:33

in the digital realm

0:54:35

which is orders of magnitude better than

0:54:38

what we have today

0:54:41

i think

0:54:42

that was a really good framing um

0:54:45

particularly

0:54:48

the music analogy i

0:54:50

i just want to uh clarify one point is

0:54:56

in the process of all of this

0:54:57

transformation particularly the ability

0:54:59

to so when you say click make something

0:55:01

weightless that's the process of

0:55:03

digitization that you're describing

0:55:04

there right is like taking something and

0:55:06

digitizing it

0:55:07

the the

0:55:10

keystone idea behind all of this though

0:55:13

what you mentioned about conservatism

0:55:15

right is you can't just

0:55:17

do that and

0:55:19

assume no cost right that there has to

0:55:23

a cons like if if you click make

0:55:25

something weightless and then

0:55:28

it escapes the system you know then the

0:55:30

point of weightless is the point is i

0:55:33

want to move a billion

0:55:35

dollars of electricity from here to

0:55:37

tokyo for free

0:55:40

you see that's that's impossible to move

0:55:43

that thing

0:55:45

without digitizing it you can't get it

0:55:49

there right

0:55:50

when i so if i said to you i want you to

0:55:53

move that car

0:55:55

right

0:55:56

pick it up and move it you can't pick it

0:55:58

up and i have to make it weightless i

0:56:00

didn't eliminate the mass of the car i

0:56:02

just made it possible for you to move

0:56:04

the car from point a to point b by

0:56:06

making it weightless

0:56:12

that's what i mean by that when you

0:56:12

digitally transform so you didn't lose

0:56:13

the mass or the energy

0:56:15

you gained the ability uh to move it a

0:56:18

million times a second

0:56:20

you see

0:56:21

anywhere

0:56:23

like maybe uh you know the

0:56:25

better metaphors teleport

0:56:27

right i mean you know

0:56:29

people have used that before what if you

0:56:31

could was it either hal finney or

0:56:32

satoshi or somebody said what if you

0:56:34

could teleport this thing right

0:56:44

it's kind of critical

0:56:46

to think of this because

0:56:49

when you when you start to embrace the

0:56:51

idea of digitally transforming energy

0:56:54

the big idea is not the digital

0:56:56

transformation because we digitally

0:56:57

transformed everything else

0:56:59

non-conservative yeah

0:57:01

the big idea is

0:57:03

that energy is matter

0:57:06

and ener

0:57:09

money is energy

0:57:11

and so the big idea is we have created

0:57:13

digital matter digital money

0:57:16

digital energy

0:57:18

the big idea is that money uh money at

0:57:21

low frequency is currency and money at

0:57:23

high frequency

0:57:25

say money at mid frequency is currency

0:57:27

money at low frequency is property

0:57:30

money at high frequency is just pure

0:57:31

energy

0:57:33

and so the the big idea is is you can

0:57:36

create digital currency digital property

0:57:39

digital money digital energy digital

0:57:41

matter

0:57:42

and that means you can create digital

0:57:44

machines

0:57:45

maybe you create digital walls digital

0:57:48

fortresses

0:57:50

also all sorts of of uh you can probably

0:57:53

create digital life right

0:57:59

i mean satoshi opens you know this

0:57:59

portal into the digital realm energy

0:58:01

flows through without energy there's not

0:58:03

real life there's just the shadow of

0:58:06

like for example what if i want to

0:58:09

create something that's a living ai

0:58:11

that's independent and has sovereignty

0:58:15

i could never do it uh before

0:58:18

bitcoin

0:58:20

because ultimately you've got a

0:58:22

counterparty that controls the money

0:58:26

that's outside of cyberspace yeah

0:58:29

it's like how does a machine get a

0:58:31

credit card from a bank

0:58:34

right because it's political

0:58:37

that this the subtlety here is

0:58:40

we've just moved

0:58:42

matter

0:58:43

and energy and money out of the

0:58:46

political

0:58:47

domain

0:58:49

and we've moved it into the cyber domain

0:58:51

or allowed you to at least create

0:58:55

a small colony

0:58:58

with uh with digital energy and digital

0:59:01

matter in cyberspace that can grow over

0:59:05

and you could think of bitcoin is is we

0:59:08

open that hole and through that hole

0:59:10

comes 400 500 billion dollars worth of

0:59:14

energy

0:59:16

we're not quite sure exactly how much

0:59:18

energy there is because there's so much

0:59:19

volatility but it's you know

0:59:22

sometimes when a fire is just getting

0:59:24

going you're not quite it's not quite

0:59:26

clear how much energy is in that fire

0:59:28

box of flank yeah it's sparking and and

0:59:31

uh and it's very volatile and you don't

0:59:33

have measurement instruments and it's so

0:59:35

dynamic and changing so rapidly is not

0:59:37

clear

0:59:39

but um

0:59:41

once you've actually established the

0:59:44

fact that uh the file the information

0:59:46

itself is the energy

0:59:48

then a program that controls the

0:59:50

information controls the energy

0:59:53

and uh and now

1:00:00

now you've created some reflexivity

1:00:00

like in theory now that artificial

1:00:03

intelligence creature has has the money

1:00:05

the energy to reach out in the real

1:00:07

world and manifest itself as a product

1:00:10

or a service

1:00:11

right

1:00:13

as opposed to the opposite direction

1:00:16

autonomously

1:00:18

like it

1:00:20

what will happen

1:00:21

i don't know but the the obvious

1:00:23

application would be like some kind of

1:00:25

trust application if i wanted to create

1:00:27

an endowment

1:00:28

that would do things in perpetuity over

1:00:31

on a like time locked contracts

1:00:34

you know time lock contracts are

1:00:36

interesting for a few minutes or a few

1:00:38

days but they get really interesting

1:00:39

when they're for you know every five

1:00:41

years or every 10 years or every 20

1:00:43

years right

1:00:44

or something like that you want

1:00:46

something to go on in perpetuity

1:00:49

where it uh

1:00:51

and what's our problem our problem is

1:00:53

the counterparty risk right

1:00:55

yeah i want to hold my goal for 100

1:00:57

years what bank can i trust for a

1:00:59

hundred years not to seize it and the

1:01:01

answer is no none you have to move it

1:01:03

every 10 years so

1:01:05

if i if i can find a way to instantiate

1:01:09

something of serious value without a

1:01:11

counterparty

1:01:13

right

1:01:14

opens up a whole new world

1:01:16

this one makes me think about uh

1:01:18

inheritance for my kids like long term i

1:01:20

want to create a system whereby they

1:01:23

have to

1:01:24

uh go through particular rights of

1:01:26

passage to earn and unlock uh elements

1:01:30

of their bitcoin and it it

1:01:33

yeah i was thinking the same thing

1:01:34

really

1:01:35

it's like if you wanted to have

1:01:37

something that's virtuous yeah

1:01:40

virtuous and programmatic

1:01:42

and and you wanted to create it such

1:01:44

that it would it would be there even if

1:01:46

you're not

1:01:48

it's like ultimately if you have enough

1:01:50

money then maybe you can afford to hire

1:01:53

a lawyer but the lawyer dies

1:01:56

i mean what person could you hire today

1:01:59

that you could trust in 30 years

1:02:02

okay so then you hire a firm right

1:02:05

which firm can you trust in 30 years

1:02:08

now you're back to this issue of who can

1:02:10

you trust yeah

1:02:12

and will they be corrupted or captured

1:02:14

by a nation-state

1:02:16

you know can you count on that

1:02:17

foundation

1:02:19

uh to fulfill your wishes after you're

1:02:23

tricky

1:02:24

the computer program though

1:02:27

like i i fully expect you know bitcoin

1:02:30

will be doing its bitcoin thing

1:02:32

in the year 2140

1:02:34

when it stops issuing

1:02:36

coins to miners and

1:02:38

i don't know why it wouldn't be doing

1:02:39

the same thing and and and uh affecting

1:02:42

the protocol in 2240 and 23 40 and 24

1:02:46

so i think that there are interesting

1:02:48

things to be built on top of it but

1:02:51

they're much better built on top of like

1:02:55

a lightning protocol

1:02:57

where

1:02:58

bitcoin is the gas

1:03:00

yeah i mean

1:03:03

there's one thing that this reminds me

1:03:05

of is like bitcoin's this kind of

1:03:07

long-term phenomenon that um that has

1:03:10

entered the world

1:03:13

kind of trapped in short termism and you

1:03:16

know it's such a it's such a

1:03:19

juxtaposition i guess in um

1:03:21

in that sense

1:03:24

but i i wanted to ask you something

1:03:26

about um

1:03:27

life and

1:03:29

an entropy um i've been toying

1:03:32

with this idea for a little bit i wrote

1:03:34

some notes here somewhere let me see if

1:03:36

i can find it there it is um so you know

1:03:39

you on the on the pod with lex

1:03:44

described humans uh as engineers and

1:03:48

and i i agree with you i think

1:03:50

how in our dna seems to be this um

1:03:58

this predisposition towards transforming

1:03:58

something chaotic into something of a

1:04:01

greater order and it's just it's just i

1:04:03

don't know what we do since we picked up

1:04:05

the first rock and threw it at an animal

1:04:07

to save some time and energy and

1:04:10

acquiring some food

1:04:12

we seem to

1:04:13

behave in this uh direction so

1:04:16

i've tried to

1:04:18

think about

1:04:20

life as this

1:04:22

anti-entropic force in a sense it's like

1:04:25

everything else seems to be

1:04:30

seems to operate with like entropy

1:04:31

entropy seems to go the opposite way but

1:04:32

life seems to be this one thing

1:04:35

that bucks entropy

1:04:38

and yeah

1:04:39

engineering is the is the process of

1:04:41

creating

1:04:42

order around you

1:04:45

by pushing the entropy or the disorder

1:04:48

elsewhere else okay right

1:04:50

right so when i create a bridge

1:04:53

i create order

1:04:54

you know around the bridge but of course

1:04:57

all the work done

1:04:58

and the energy expended

1:05:00

uh creates disorder elsewhere

1:05:03

and i think that's a description of life

1:05:06

right we are creating order around us

1:05:09

by by putting disorder

1:05:12

elsewhere

1:05:14

and uh there's a lot of places to put it

1:05:17

right so

1:05:18

just put it away from you maybe we bury

1:05:23

maybe we burn it

1:05:27

i mean that is engineering

1:05:29

and that's that's life in general

1:05:31

and uh humans are the best engineers so

1:05:34

we're doing the most of that

1:05:37

that's why we're the apex species right

1:05:39

it's like we've

1:05:41

did you did you ever read brandon

1:05:43

quittim's uh piece about um

1:05:46

bitcoin the pioneer species

1:05:48

yeah yeah it's um i think it's it's good

1:05:51

yeah it was a fantastic piece and

1:05:54

you know the the concept of carrying

1:05:56

capacity comes to mind now is that

1:06:00

life seems to want to increase its

1:06:02

carrying capacity

1:06:05

take more energy create more order um

1:06:08

and you know carve out a space for

1:06:10

itself

1:06:20

i think brandon's great and he writes

1:06:20

really great stuff and he's brilliant

1:06:21

and i've liked everything he's written

1:06:24

i think that darwinian process is

1:06:28

squeezing the inefficient creatures and

1:06:31

the inefficient designs out yeah right

1:06:34

and like

1:06:35

if there's three if there's three

1:06:37

species in the same ecosystem and one of

1:06:40

them is able to

1:06:42

capture food three times as fast as the

1:06:45

other two

1:06:46

then the one pushes out the other one

1:06:48

right i mean all other things being

1:06:50

equal

1:06:52

all of this uh evolution is

1:06:55

is experimentation mutation

1:06:58

and ordering

1:07:00

and the most efficient uh the most

1:07:02

efficient processes the most efficient

1:07:04

species succeed and

1:07:06

it's like i mean i looked

1:07:09

i looked over the other day i sort of

1:07:11

blew hair in and the blue heron is

1:07:14

sitting in a creek behind my house

1:07:17

and i thought to myself and the heron's

1:07:19

fishing

1:07:20

and it's always there

1:07:24

but how do you think i know there's fish

1:07:24

in the creek

1:07:29

because you know the heron wouldn't sit

1:07:29

there and fish for four days in a row if

1:07:31

it didn't get any fish right

1:07:34

right after about a week it would either

1:07:36

be if it's stupid it would be dead and

1:07:38

if it's smart it would leave

1:07:40

but one way or the other

1:07:42

the problem's getting sorted out right

1:07:44

if the if the bird is not smart enough

1:07:47

to figure out how to fish and not smart

1:07:48

enough to figure out where to go fish

1:07:51

then there's no bird

1:07:52

and so nature just has a way of

1:07:54

spontaneously ordering things

1:07:57

continually

1:07:59

and there's this competition

1:08:01

and human beings are the biggest you

1:08:03

know actors

1:08:04

in that ecosystem

1:08:07

but uh

1:08:09

there are variables for example uh

1:08:12

yeah you've got the example of easter

1:08:14

island where

1:08:15

where the uh the human beings there

1:08:18

ended up with an inefficient political

1:08:20

system and they chop down all their

1:08:21

trees and starve themselves right

1:08:24

they were irrational

1:08:27

so um

1:08:29

so that's an example of darwinian

1:08:31

selection working in one way

1:08:33

right and

1:08:35

you know there's uh there's society hard

1:08:37

money societies that have functioning

1:08:40

economies and

1:08:41

there's loose money societies and they

1:08:43

collapse the currency and

1:08:45

when they collapse the currency all

1:08:46

their companies fail and then all their

1:08:48

political constructs fail

1:08:51

right and then they generally

1:08:53

you know

1:08:54

get taken over by somebody else if

1:08:56

there's anything desirable there and

1:08:58

exploited right

1:09:00

if they got raw materials they get

1:09:01

exploited by a better organized

1:09:05

or or civilization and if they don't

1:09:08

have raw materials they just get left to

1:09:11

their squalor

1:09:13

and uh bitcoin an exam is an example of

1:09:17

good technology but you could say good

1:09:19

technology is anti-entropic

1:09:22

there there are more efficient ways or

1:09:24

less efficient ways to do things

1:09:30

right it's it's

1:09:30

it's kind of simple like try to move

1:09:31

stuff around with a wheel and without a

1:09:34

wheel

1:09:35

right

1:09:36

you've got human beings in both cases

1:09:40

i use this example with breedlove when

1:09:42

if you go to the american history museum

1:09:44

you can find that the uh the uh

1:09:46

the native americans they invented the

1:09:48

wheel but they only used it as a pottery

1:09:50

wheel they turned it and they just spun

1:09:52

pottery with it i remember this and it

1:09:54

never occurred to them to turn it the

1:09:55

other way and use it as a wagon wheel

1:09:59

you know of course the europeans kind of

1:10:00

figured it out there's no record of the

1:10:04

native americans ever figuring it out

1:10:06

and so eventually the europeans

1:10:08

show up with the ships and the guns and

1:10:11

the germs and everything else and one

1:10:13

society displaces the other one

1:10:16

i don't know if it's just not inventing

1:10:18

the wheel that

1:10:19

held him back but it certainly didn't

1:10:21

help him any

1:10:23

if you don't invent the wheel you

1:10:24

probably there are a lot of other things

1:10:25

you probably don't

1:10:27

figure out

1:10:29

speaking of that conversation with

1:10:31

breedlove i think on that uh segment of

1:10:33

uh discussions you guys you mentioned

1:10:35

something which really clicked for me

1:10:38

that i've

1:10:40

thought of in fact kind of write about

1:10:41

it in this book is that um

1:10:43

you know nature and all functional

1:10:45

complex systems are adaptive control

1:10:47

systems you know they error correct um

1:10:51

i mean something that's alive

1:10:54

error corrects and and this is

1:10:57

i think one of the

1:10:59

really mind-blowing things about bitcoin

1:11:00

is that

1:11:03

you know

1:11:04

it adapts

1:11:11

like it's it's in bitcoin's dna to adapt

1:11:11

and it doesn't require some sort of a

1:11:13

central manager to do that it kind of

1:11:15

does it itself which is

1:11:18

very much

1:11:20

i think you know the definition of like

1:11:22

nature or

1:11:24

capitalism even is um

1:11:26

you know

1:11:27

they they seem to be

1:11:33

yeah as you said like a error correcting

1:11:33

adaptive system

1:11:36

yeah you could definitely characterize

1:11:37

it as a virus

1:11:39

and you could characterize it as

1:11:41

something more sophisticated than a

1:11:42

virus too depending upon

1:11:45

depending upon your

1:11:47

your sentiments but

1:11:49

it definitely does um

1:11:51

it does have the elements of of a life

1:11:53

form that is evolving

1:11:57

and uh as you sp as you attach other

1:12:00

applications to it

1:12:02

right the miners are

1:12:04

are an instantiation of bitcoin and and

1:12:07

they move

1:12:09

almost like specialized sales right

1:12:11

and bitcoin hodlers are another form of

1:12:14

bitcoin

1:12:15

and bitcoin exchanges are another form

1:12:17

and then bitcoin applications are

1:12:19

another form and and as you build layers

1:12:22

of applications

1:12:24

uh on top right they're all life forms

1:12:27

different different cells different

1:12:28

organisms and

1:12:30

they're living and they're dying they're

1:12:32

coming and they're going all the time

1:12:33

right

1:12:36

and it becomes more complex

1:12:39

so so that's it it is one of the great

1:12:42

viral

1:12:44

technologies truly viral

1:12:46

and you could characterize it and think

1:12:48

of it as life in cyberspace

1:12:51

it is cyber life

1:12:53

it's like all these creatures right

1:12:55

you're you've got a relationship with

1:12:57

the bitcoin miner in a country you've

1:12:59

never been to that you'll never meet

1:13:02

and yet they're part of the system

1:13:05

may you know sometimes i think of

1:13:07

bitcoin miners as the skin

1:13:10

just like the your skin is part of your

1:13:11

immune system

1:13:13

it's like uh if you scrape some off it

1:13:15

hurts

1:13:16

bad but uh it's the first line of

1:13:19

defense

1:13:20

so you know a bitcoin miner will get

1:13:23

attacked by this nation state or

1:13:25

they'll get their electricity jacked up

1:13:27

by that one that's not unlike you

1:13:28

putting your hand on a hot stove

1:13:32

the the power company doubled the cost

1:13:34

of my electricity

1:13:36

it's like oh i touched a hot stove it

1:13:40

what are you gonna do next you're gonna

1:13:41

go find a power company you can trust

1:13:44

well i was minding my own business an

1:13:47

earthquake hit and uh you know and the

1:13:49

skillet fell off the stove and burned me

1:13:52

accident nothing you could do about it

1:13:55

what's the solution well the human race

1:13:57

has got more than one person in the

1:13:59

kitchen at any given time so hopefully

1:14:01

not all of us you know get hit by the

1:14:04

earthquake in the same place you know

1:14:06

we're decentralized

1:14:09

and life goes on

1:14:13

i want to ask you one one last question

1:14:14

because we're kind of nearing the end of

1:14:16

uh this part is um

1:14:22

i don't know i've got two two here maybe

1:14:22

we can hit both um

1:14:24

one of them is this

1:14:25

idea of paradigm shifts because bitcoin

1:14:30

such a profound paradigm shift and it

1:14:33

touches so many different kind of areas

1:14:37

you know there's a guy called uh

1:14:39

what's his name bronze age pervert or

1:14:41

whatever and he he argues that you know

1:14:43

the greatest civilizational changes

1:14:45

occur as a as a result

1:14:47

of the changes in weaponry which is kind

1:14:48

of similar to you know the the whole

1:14:50

sovereign individual

1:14:52

uh position on the returns to violence

1:14:54

and and i guess i think that's partly

1:14:56

true and then the other part that uh is

1:14:58

true is this unlocking of uh new

1:15:01

materials or energy whether that's you

1:15:02

know oil steam steel etc as we've

1:15:05

mentioned but um

1:15:06

you know we've got this

1:15:09

this thing

1:15:11

however we're going to frame it or call

1:15:14

it perfect money

1:15:16

fucking digital energy whatever we're

1:15:17

going to call it

1:15:19

why do you think people like i'm

1:15:22

thinking dahlia for example ray darling

1:15:23

is like you know they talk about

1:15:25

paradigm shifts

1:15:26

but they completely like miss

1:15:30

this very clear

1:15:32

paradigm shift that's staring them in

1:15:34

the face

1:15:35

what do you think that well first of all

1:15:37

i think it absolutely is a paradigm

1:15:39

shift and um

1:15:41

and a lot of times people get lazy

1:15:44

because they study paradigm shifts but

1:15:46

they study ones that have already

1:15:47

happened before they lived and they

1:15:48

think that they'll they would never fall

1:15:50

for that

1:15:53

it's like but but you're looking

1:15:54

backwards right so they're like

1:15:57

it's because i'm i'm looking backwards

1:15:59

and i'm like well i've you know i

1:16:01

understand that you know you know

1:16:03

einstein didn't get quantum physics but

1:16:05

i do or i understand steel or i

1:16:07

understand airplanes but they're they've

1:16:10

got hindsight and so

1:16:13

they um they overestimate their grasp of

1:16:16

the idea but the real point of a

1:16:18

paradigm shift is it's so profound

1:16:22

you could you didn't expect

1:16:26

the earth is not the center of the

1:16:27

universe

1:16:33

right it's like so profound that um that

1:16:33

you didn't know to ask the question yeah

1:16:35

and um

1:16:38

if you um

1:16:39

if you look at this right it's a

1:16:41

paradigm shift for economists because

1:16:43

they didn't really think about what

1:16:44

money is right you can make a reasonable

1:16:46

argument that

1:16:47

95 percent of economists don't know what

1:16:49

money is they study their entire life

1:16:51

they just don't know what it is

1:16:53

they never think of it as energy

1:16:55

or economic energy and

1:16:58

and they don't think that physics

1:17:00

or thermodynamics apply and so

1:17:02

they're not expecting it to be that and

1:17:05

they don't and they don't think they're

1:17:06

a hard science

1:17:09

i'm not a hard science therefore i

1:17:10

didn't you know why did i do this i

1:17:12

didn't want to study physics or math or

1:17:14

whatever and so

1:17:15

politicians the same way right

1:17:19

i didn't want it to be that and so i

1:17:22

studied something different and so

1:17:25

so i'm not looking for it to be that um

1:17:29

a lot of times people

1:17:31

the way you know it's a paradigm shift

1:17:33

by the way is i would say 75 percent of

1:17:35

people in the crypto community don't

1:17:36

understand the concept of digital energy

1:17:39

like i think you know all the crypto

1:17:41

the crypto people that have been in it

1:17:42

for a decade right

1:17:44

they look at that and they

1:17:47

and they immediately reflexively say

1:17:49

well it isn't because i understand

1:17:50

energy

1:17:52

okay though

1:17:53

if you're really open-minded and

1:17:55

somebody says something that is that you

1:17:59

don't agree with

1:18:01

and it's a paradigm shift you would have

1:18:03

to stop

1:18:04

and then think really hard for hours and

1:18:07

hours

1:18:08

and then uh you start by saying well

1:18:11

maybe they're right how would they be

1:18:12

right and you have to flip instead of

1:18:14

reflexively saying they're wrong

1:18:18

and the reason people are reflexive is

1:18:20

they've already decided what it is like

1:18:23

the problem with cryptocurrency has

1:18:25

everybody decided and the problem with

1:18:27

with you know being

1:18:29

being totally passionate about currency

1:18:32

currency currency is

1:18:33

you're in this political mindset where

1:18:35

you've decided that this technology

1:18:39

is a replacement for the dollar or

1:18:41

replacement for the yen or the euro and

1:18:43

then you're you're in that train

1:18:46

and it becomes a political economic

1:18:49

uh thing for you and then

1:18:53

you're not going to stop and say well

1:18:55

what's aeronautical engineering got to

1:18:56

do with this

1:18:57

just because that's just not right what

1:19:00

civil engineering got to do with this

1:19:03

you know what's music got to do with

1:19:05

this because music and spaceship design

1:19:10

and buildings and dams

1:19:13

those don't have anything to do with

1:19:14

currency you've decided what currency is

1:19:16

and so you want to you want to drill

1:19:18

into that

1:19:21

i think that uh

1:19:22

what you have is

1:19:24

you've got one group of people the

1:19:26

economist and they've never embraced

1:19:28

engineering so the idea that you that

1:19:31

that money is energy and you could

1:19:33

engineer a better system

1:19:35

that's foreign to them because they've

1:19:37

always taken comfort from the fact that

1:19:40

economics is not engineering

1:19:42

and it's not a hard science

1:19:45

they took comfort from it and then i

1:19:47

think that the

1:19:48

the guys like the dahlias of the world

1:19:51

a lot of the investors

1:19:54

i i don't know i mean dalia is almost

1:19:56

getting to the conclusion but but dalia

1:19:58

is not a technologist so

1:20:01

so uh he doesn't really think of it as

1:20:03

technology he can he can't bring himself

1:20:06

to think

1:20:07

of an asset as technology he's okay with

1:20:10

macro he can he can think macro but he

1:20:15

if you think about technology and you

1:20:17

know what happened with google and apple

1:20:19

and you know google and apple crushed

1:20:20

everybody

1:20:22

because of that network effect because

1:20:24

of that protocol stack

1:20:26

and you saw what happened to every

1:20:28

everybody else in the system

1:20:30

then you start to see in terms of

1:20:32

exponential viral

1:20:34

winner-take-all behavior that goes super

1:20:37

fast when you've got a technology

1:20:39

metaphor

1:20:40

a lot of people a lot of investors are

1:20:42

not macro investors and so they think

1:20:45

invest let's take buffett and monger

1:20:48

they actually think investment consists

1:20:50

of picking companies like their entire

1:20:53

frame of reference is

1:20:55

is a universe that consists of 10 000

1:20:58

publicly traded companies or private

1:21:01

companies and you have to choose which

1:21:02

company you're going to own

1:21:05

and of course

1:21:07

that's like shuffling deck chairs on the

1:21:09

titanic if i said pick which deck chair

1:21:11

you want to own on the titanic and you

1:21:13

know and you said well the titanic's

1:21:15

sinking we're all going to die

1:21:16

there isn't any deck chair i want to own

1:21:19

but if you were if you lived on a cruise

1:21:21

ship where the only thing you could

1:21:22

invest in was deck chairs and the ship

1:21:24

had never sunk

1:21:27

right then you're entrained in that

1:21:29

that's the paradigm

1:21:31

that's their paradigm is they think the

1:21:33

ship will never sink

1:21:35

like that the reason i pick i use the

1:21:37

the example of argentina often is

1:21:39

because it's a very obvious example of

1:21:42

no portfolio allocation will work no

1:21:45

mixture of bonds and stocks or

1:21:47

conventional assets will work because

1:21:49

everything is correlated

1:21:51

to the currency which is going to zero

1:21:55

and it's just it's when you're on a

1:21:57

platform that's going to zero and

1:21:59

everything is on that platform and

1:22:00

correlated then

1:22:02

all of your thinking is conventional and

1:22:05

it's all losing

1:22:07

so the 60 40 bond portfolio doesn't work

1:22:09

and picking stocks doesn't work and you

1:22:11

know ben graham value investing it

1:22:14

doesn't work in the weimar republic

1:22:16

right

1:22:17

it doesn't work when the currency goes

1:22:18

to zero no stock analysis works so then

1:22:21

you have to be a macro thinker so yeah

1:22:23

you can sort of be a macro thinker but

1:22:26

uh one set of people that miss the

1:22:28

paradigm are people that never saw a

1:22:31

macro economic meltdown of the entire

1:22:34

currency

1:22:35

another set

1:22:37

they've never seen an asset that was

1:22:39

also technology

1:22:44

if you

1:22:45

and the third set

1:22:47

they're uh they're not engineers they're

1:22:50

like the big blind spot in crypto in my

1:22:53

opinion alex is is there are too many

1:22:55

computer scientists

1:22:57

and not enough physicists and engineers

1:23:00

so most of the early crypto the first

1:23:02

decade all these you know

1:23:04

these all the proof of stake networks

1:23:06

and all you know all the defy and and

1:23:09

all these you know

1:23:10

perpetual motion machines and and and

1:23:13

you know cute gadgets people come up

1:23:15

with they all thought that they were

1:23:16

improving on satoshi's engineering but

1:23:19

what they didn't realize is satoshi was

1:23:21

the better engineer yeah satoshi satoshi

1:23:24

was was a full-featured

1:23:27

engineer that knew software engineering

1:23:28

cryptography but also systems

1:23:31

engineering material engineering you

1:23:33

know etc

1:23:36

and so most of the people that i see

1:23:38

that dominate in the rest of the crypto

1:23:41

ecosystem they have very weak or no

1:23:44

backgrounds

1:23:45

in uh in

1:23:47

aeronautical engineering or systems

1:23:49

engineering or

1:23:51

civil engineering or ocean engineering

1:23:53

any or physics

1:23:55

any of those areas and then there and

1:23:56

they don't have a lot of real life

1:23:58

experience right most of them are in

1:24:00

their 20s and their 30s and so

1:24:02

they've never actually

1:24:05

built anything and failed at anything

1:24:08

you know if i if i want to fix your ego

1:24:11

i just put you in charge

1:24:13

okay you think you can do it better here

1:24:15

you run the thing for a year okay and

1:24:17

you would come back and go well it's

1:24:18

actually a lot harder than i thought it

1:24:20

would be everybody doesn't just do what

1:24:22

i tell them to do

1:24:23

you know i thought i could just tell

1:24:24

them what to do and then they did it and

1:24:25

everything broke or they they all quit

1:24:28

and now

1:24:29

it all broke and so

1:24:31

if you actually

1:24:32

and by the way the competitor turned out

1:24:34

to be a hundred times smarter than i

1:24:35

thought they were you know and then they

1:24:37

kept investing and they wouldn't stop

1:24:39

investing and nobody takes vacations

1:24:41

it's competing against me

1:24:43

so um i think that

1:24:45

when you have when you add real world

1:24:47

experience like do something for 30

1:24:49

years and then you layer on engineering

1:24:52

which is the

1:24:54

it's really the

1:24:55

the discipline of constructing machines

1:24:58

that work

1:24:59

and then you layer on some physics and

1:25:02

thermodynamics in the real world where

1:25:04

there's friction and gravity and speed

1:25:07

of light and speed of sound and the

1:25:09

reynolds number right things that hull

1:25:11

speeds things that there's a point at

1:25:14

which no amount of effort will get you

1:25:16

any further right the harder you push

1:25:18

the harder the world pushes back at you

1:25:21

and in computer science they never get

1:25:23

to that point

1:25:25

but in the real world

1:25:27

if you've ever tried to do anything in

1:25:29

real business or if you try to row a

1:25:32

or you try to design an airplane there's

1:25:34

a reason we fly below the speed of sound

1:25:36

is because

1:25:37

nature pushes back exponentially hard

1:25:41

and when you when you realize that

1:25:44

like adam back realized that he points

1:25:46

out that the design parameters for

1:25:48

bitcoin are pretty narrow and he tried

1:25:50

to improve on the design and he couldn't

1:25:52

yeah like blocks every 10 minutes one

1:25:56

one you know the one meg meg block size

1:26:00

you know all of these like uh would-be

1:26:02

technologists keep talking about

1:26:04

improving it and it never occurs to them

1:26:06

that you change the block size it's like

1:26:09

changing the speed of sound or the

1:26:11

gravitation constant in the universe

1:26:13

you're playing god

1:26:15

and if you actually change the

1:26:16

gravitational constant you break

1:26:18

everything yeah

1:26:20

you know if you if you change the speed

1:26:22

of sound you break everything every

1:26:25

creature on earth doesn't work right you

1:26:27

kill everything and so

1:26:30

the fact is don't screw with it it works

1:26:33

fine the problem is you not the system

1:26:36

[Music]

1:26:37

and engineers learn this right because

1:26:39

it's it's it's humbling

1:26:42

when you're an engineer

1:26:43

there's there's a certain there's an

1:26:45

ideal whole shape and someone figured it

1:26:48

out a hundred years ago and you can just

1:26:50

tweak it plus or minus two percent but

1:26:52

you're not going to get some profound

1:26:53

10x breakthrough

1:26:56

it this reminds me of the

1:26:58

part of the conversation earlier we

1:26:59

talked about uh innovation in bits

1:27:02

versus atoms is

1:27:04

you know bitcoin kind of brings a a

1:27:07

rigor of

1:27:08

the innovation that has happened in

1:27:09

atoms where you actually have to contend

1:27:11

with limitations and consequences and as

1:27:13

you said the world pushing back

1:27:15

and bringing that sort of uh engineering

1:27:18

prowess into the digital realm

1:27:23

is a whole

1:27:24

different level of operation versus

1:27:27

you know the classic silicon valley just

1:27:31

play with

1:27:32

the computer and you know

1:27:35

the other right the other another

1:27:36

observation alex about paradigm shift is

1:27:41

as long as people think uh bitcoin is

1:27:43

money or a financial asset then you've

1:27:46

got a world full of people in the

1:27:48

finance industry and they make a living

1:27:51

going through a set of very inefficient

1:27:53

motions that are no longer necessary or

1:27:55

relevant and so it's very difficult for

1:27:58

people to

1:28:00

think themselves out of a job

1:28:03

right it's it's against human nature

1:28:07

right so

1:28:08

so if you make a lot of money by doing

1:28:10

something which has just been uh

1:28:13

digitally transformed away then it's not

1:28:16

in your best interest to figure it out

1:28:18

and and everybody generates a set of

1:28:20

natural biases

1:28:22

so it's it's easier for an outsider

1:28:25

with no vested interest no skin in the

1:28:27

game to walk in

1:28:29

because they're not looking at

1:28:31

deconstructing

1:28:33

their life's work

1:28:35

that's why you know oftentimes you know

1:28:37

it's it's an outsider like tesla that

1:28:40

walks into the auto industry you know or

1:28:44

if you're an architect and you've you've

1:28:46

made your name by creating masonry

1:28:48

structures for 30 years and then steel

1:28:50

comes along

1:28:51

you know your first reaction is that's

1:28:53

ugly it'll be dangerous it's probably

1:28:55

going to kill somebody

1:28:57

yeah it's very easy to come up with a

1:28:59

lot of reasons to dismiss it and it's

1:29:02

aligned with your economic interest and

1:29:04

it's also aligned with your

1:29:07

information set

1:29:09

and if it takes you 100 hours to figure

1:29:13

that you can do a new type of building

1:29:15

and then if you're going to have to go

1:29:16

through a decade of risk and uncertainty

1:29:19

if you enter into that business

1:29:21

it's pretty difficult for the incumbents

1:29:24

so most of the incumbents that reject

1:29:25

this they have a vec a vested interest

1:29:28

and an economic interest in not

1:29:31

embracing it

1:29:33

and um

1:29:35

and they'll be just fine if they don't

1:29:38

so it's it's people on the margin that

1:29:41

uh that have the need and the

1:29:43

wherewithal to get in that they will

1:29:45

make the difference and and that's a bit

1:29:48

of a random process to figure out who

1:29:50

that is and then the process has got to

1:29:52

exponentially grow

1:30:00

it is it is

1:30:00

it's truly a profound paradigm shift

1:30:02

though because

1:30:07

because even the the people in

1:30:07

technology big tech

1:30:09

they don't understand money right so so

1:30:13

the idea of digital energy that's a

1:30:15

that's a threatening or just a a bizarre

1:30:18

wacky idea to anybody at apple or google

1:30:20

or facebook and it's a wacky idea to

1:30:23

somebody in finance and it's a wacky

1:30:25

idea to someone in the energy industry

1:30:26

and it's a wacky idea to someone in

1:30:28

politics

1:30:30

right and so because it's a wacky idea

1:30:33

to everybody

1:30:34

right the easiest thing for them to do

1:30:36

is just dismiss the idea because their

1:30:39

life is a lot easier

1:30:41

if they dismiss the idea and they don't

1:30:43

have to take any risk and they don't

1:30:45

have to risk looking stupid

1:30:48

and so that that will remain the way

1:30:50

that you will

1:30:51

break that cycle

1:30:53

is you will build machines

1:30:56

based on that wacky idea that work

1:31:02

and if you can build those machines and

1:31:02

those machines are commercially

1:31:04

successful like a you know lightning

1:31:06

wall lightning services new types of

1:31:09

software

1:31:11

you know and or you build a a company

1:31:14

right

1:31:16

and as you have financial success or

1:31:18

market success

1:31:20

then people will uh grudgingly take a

1:31:22

second look

1:31:24

and then they'll take a third look and

1:31:26

at some point you know uh you'll start

1:31:29

to get the next cohort

1:31:32

of adopters right you'll go from the

1:31:33

early adopters to the to the followers

1:31:36

and they'll wait

1:31:38

and then

1:31:39

20 years 30 years afterwards people will

1:31:41

be like oh yeah of course it was

1:31:43

inevitable yeah it was obvious

1:31:45

apparently

1:31:46

um yeah i mean

1:31:48

you can see that with like kodak and

1:31:49

instagram right

1:31:51

at the end of the day like who made all

1:31:53

the money from digital photos really

1:31:57

it's like not not

1:31:59

who anybody expected and

1:32:01

and there's a lot of kicking and

1:32:02

screaming along the way a lot of reasons

1:32:07

indeed

1:32:09

mike there's um

1:32:11

i could talk to you for days there's a

1:32:13

million other things i wanted to ask you

1:32:14

but we've um

1:32:16

to be respectful of your time i want to

1:32:18

thank you

1:32:21

carving out four hours man um to talk

1:32:23

through this stuff like i wanted to talk

1:32:25

about the age of meritocracy i want to

1:32:27

talk about the great filter um

1:32:29

we can do those on

1:32:31

on some future episodes maybe the next

1:32:33

time yeah yeah yeah is there um is there

1:32:36

anything

1:32:37

final or closing that you might want to

1:32:44

about bitcoin about our discussion about

1:32:44

energy

1:32:54

the world is going through an

1:32:55

unprecedented financial crisis the

1:32:57

greatest of our lifetime

1:32:58

and and the f so the financial world is

1:33:01

in crisis and the political world is in

1:33:04

the greatest turmoil i can remember in a

1:33:07

long time there's just a lot of turmoil

1:33:09

turmoil there's a lot of sound and fury

1:33:12

a lot of strong passion

1:33:14

a lot of noise

1:33:16

a lot of turbulence

1:33:23

bitcoin is a good thing

1:33:23

everyone that's that's listening this

1:33:25

podcast

1:33:26

almost certainly believes in it is

1:33:28

excited about it sees it as the future

1:33:32

there's a thousand things in the world

1:33:34

that people are engaged in conversations

1:33:39

most of the world doesn't fully

1:33:41

appreciate uh the potential that bitcoin

1:33:43

has as a technology either as a better

1:33:46

money or is a digital energy or as a

1:33:48

better property or as a source of as a

1:33:51

better ideology or whatever as a

1:33:54

catalyst for good most people don't

1:33:56

recognize that

1:33:59

you have finite members in finite

1:34:02

minutes in your life left

1:34:04

there you know

1:34:06

when you meet a person

1:34:07

you only have a few minutes

1:34:10

to talk with them to convey something

1:34:13

think about how you use your time

1:34:15

and ask yourself

1:34:17

what what's

1:34:18

the best good that you can bring with

1:34:21

that timeline what's the highest form of

1:34:23

good you can accomplish

1:34:26

i i generally of the of the opinion that

1:34:30

constructively cheerfully

1:34:33

educating people

1:34:35

removing the you know dealing with the

1:34:36

fear dealing with the doubt dealing with

1:34:39

the uncertainty educating them that

1:34:41

bitcoin is a great technology

1:34:44

the greatest monetary technology in the

1:34:46

history of the world

1:34:48

can can improve their lives

1:34:51

their friends lives their companies

1:34:53

lives the lives of their citizens their

1:34:55

country their country it can improve

1:34:57

everything it touches if they if they

1:34:59

grasp and understand it

1:35:02

i think that

1:35:03

that is that's the highest best use of

1:35:06

time and energy

1:35:08

and it's always a temptation to get

1:35:11

drawn into

1:35:13

other discussions and other debates

1:35:16

like i'm not telling you how to spend

1:35:17

your personal time with your friends and

1:35:19

family you do what you want but but

1:35:22

in terms of professional focus

1:35:26

the focus uh

1:35:28

is to educate the world

1:35:31

on how

1:35:32

everybody can improve their lot and

1:35:35

when you do that you have to do it in a

1:35:36

language they speak

1:35:38

you have to use the metaphors they

1:35:40

understand

1:35:41

you have to appeal to the values they

1:35:46

you know sometimes you might not even

1:35:47

share those values

1:35:49

right but figure out what they want how

1:35:51

they speak how they communicate how they

1:35:53

want to be communicated to right and and

1:35:57

then communicate to them as much as much

1:36:00

insight about a perspective about

1:36:03

bitcoin as you can

1:36:04

that that's how we uh

1:36:07

spread the entire network that's how we

1:36:10

improve the world

1:36:13

just avoid getting baited and distracted

1:36:18

and drawn into negativity right people

1:36:20

want to

1:36:21

they want to poke you you know they see

1:36:22

in my interviews like they want to poke

1:36:24

me blah blah blah you lost some money

1:36:27

i said 100 years from now no one's going

1:36:30

to care whether you made or lost money

1:36:32

in bitcoin mark the market in q2 of 2022

1:36:37

yeah it's not going to matter big

1:36:39

picture right lots of things happening

1:36:42

don't get baited right if you get

1:36:44

defensive you know

1:36:46

if you get drawn into ad hominem

1:36:49

discussions

1:36:51

that's a challenge if you start to think

1:36:53

that somebody is you know some big

1:36:57

organization wants you know is against

1:36:59

bitcoin

1:37:01

they don't care i mean like like you

1:37:03

could say oh yeah they're out to get me

1:37:05

they're out to get me they're out to get

1:37:06

me you know i

1:37:08

if i look at all these organizations

1:37:10

like they have a million other things

1:37:12

they're worried about

1:37:13

they're taking sometimes the path of

1:37:15

least resistance this is just new

1:37:17

technology they don't understand

1:37:20

people always react to new technology

1:37:22

with all you know i'll look at it later

1:37:24

don't bother me

1:37:26

you know i don't know if i need it i'll

1:37:28

i'll do it this way for now

1:37:30

until they have a compelling requirement

1:37:34

they're going to tend to be dismissive

1:37:36

and when someone is dismissive

1:37:38

you just want to be cheerful

1:37:40

enthusiastic creative constru figure out

1:37:43

a creative way

1:37:45

to you know tell them how it solves

1:37:47

their problem

1:37:49

right you're a salesperson

1:37:51

right we're all pretty much sales people

1:37:53

salesperson shows up what do you have i

1:37:56

have the best money ever in history of

1:37:58

the world why do i need that

1:38:02

okay here's the other point which is

1:38:04

hopefully when you meet him you should

1:38:05

you should listen and or you should have

1:38:07

already done your research to figure out

1:38:09

why they might need it

1:38:11

every single meeting i have in my entire

1:38:13

life i always look

1:38:15

at the company what's the company what's

1:38:17

the person what's their background

1:38:18

what's their ideology you know what why

1:38:22

would they benefit from what i have to

1:38:25

offer and then i do my best to explain

1:38:27

the benefit to them

1:38:29

you know in the most concise format i

1:38:34

you either make the sale you don't make

1:38:35

the sale

1:38:36

if you make the sale great

1:38:38

then it's beginning of a relationship if

1:38:40

you don't make the sale

1:38:42

thank them for their time

1:38:44

you know don't don't make them angry

1:38:47

right i mean

1:38:49

you don't want them to say oh some

1:38:50

bitcoiner came and tried to persuade me

1:38:52

and then call me an idiot for not

1:38:53

getting it

1:38:54

right then they just

1:38:55

you know that there's no point that your

1:38:57

company is not going to benefit from a

1:38:58

salesperson that gets angry at the at

1:39:00

the prospect that doesn't buy on the

1:39:02

first sales call

1:39:03

so i think if we think like that

1:39:05

you'll make a lot of friends you won't

1:39:07

make any enemies

1:39:09

you know you'll do a lot of good you'll

1:39:11

learn a lot

1:39:13

i learn a lot more when i listen to the

1:39:15

to the person i'm talking with right

1:39:18

what do they think

1:39:20

and uh

1:39:21

and then we just uh go back and polish

1:39:24

you know our uh our content react to

1:39:27

what we're learning and it's it's to

1:39:29

your point adaptive right

1:39:32

adaptive and and uh

1:39:35

try to avoid uh

1:39:39

creating unnecessary uh difficulty for

1:39:42

yourself

1:39:43

because

1:39:46

there are certain people and they manage

1:39:48

to get in a fight with everybody about

1:39:51

everything all the time

1:39:58

your life is too short it's going to

1:39:58

pass you by right

1:40:00

so if i'm keeping a score card right the

1:40:02

score card is

1:40:04

you know

1:40:05

who did you convince

1:40:08

that they should join the network

1:40:10

and the way you join the network is you

1:40:12

convert your money from

1:40:14

a different asset

1:40:16

into bitcoin that's the joining of the

1:40:18

network

1:40:20

right and then and and uh uh the more

1:40:24

energy

1:40:25

you attract in the network then

1:40:28

then uh the faster the world's going to

1:40:29

get better so ultimately that's

1:40:32

that's the ultimate utility function

1:40:40

mike appreciate you

1:40:40

capping it off

1:40:42

and wise words something

1:40:45

i need to think about because i guess

1:40:47

i'm one of those

1:40:48

people who's still quite hot-blooded and

1:40:51

very prone to be

1:40:55

baited

1:40:56

to use your terminology but um

1:40:59

yeah this has been um this has been a

1:41:01

great discussion so

1:41:03

yeah once again really appreciate you

1:41:05

taking the time and i hope we can do

1:41:07

this again to kind of go into some of

1:41:09

the um

1:41:10

the other things i i i really think this

1:41:13

idea of

1:41:15

trying to

1:41:17

imagine

1:41:18

what bitcoin means

1:41:20

for civilization long term which is why

1:41:23

like i wrote that great filter piece i'm

1:41:25

trying to think of like

1:41:27

you know this notion of a timeline of

1:41:30

before bitcoin and after bitcoin being

1:41:32

like a

1:41:34

a real

1:41:35

way that will measure civilization in in

1:41:38

the future like i i don't know if there

1:41:40

has been something as important as this

1:41:43

but yeah i'd love to

1:41:45

dig down that rabbit hole at some stage

1:41:46

in the future and

1:41:47

thank you for all the work you're doing

1:41:49

um everything that you're doing at

1:41:51

microstrategy and

1:41:53

yeah just put putting so much time into

1:41:57

helping people understand

1:41:59

what the hell this thing is

1:42:01

my pleasure

1:42:02

it's great to spend time with you keep

1:42:04

up the good work thank you and i'll talk

1:42:06

to you soon absolutely take care man

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